Which client is at risk for fluid volume excess?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kidney disease from diabetes risks fluid volume excess due to impaired excretion. GI suctioning , diuretics , and ileostomy cause deficits. Nurses, per NCLEX, identify renal failure as a fluid retention risk, making D correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: CUS (Concerned, Uncomfortable, Safety at risk) isn't for all situations , per the answer key; it's for urgent escalation when initial communication fails or safety is at stake. It's correctly defined and usable by assistants . Nurses, per AHRQ, apply CUS selectively in critical moments, not routinely, making B the exception and correct answer for its misuse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chronic pain differs from acute pain primarily in its duration, persisting beyond six months, often without a clear end even after the initial cause has healed. Acute pain, by contrast, is short-lived, typically resolving within days to weeks as the body recovers from injury or surgery. Choice A is incorrect because pain lasting less than one month aligns with acute pain, not chronic. Choice C, suggesting chronic pain resolves with treatment, is misleadingwhile manageable, chronic pain often persists despite interventions, unlike acute pain, which usually subsides with healing. Choice D, claiming chronic pain is always less severe, is false; its intensity varies widely and can be debilitating, unlike acute pain's typically sharp but temporary nature. Choice B correctly highlights the key distinctionchronic pain's extended duration over six monthsmaking it a critical factor in nursing care, requiring long-term strategies like pain management and emotional support rather than just acute symptom relief.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Morphine is commonly used for chronic pain management, especially in severe cases like cancer or post-surgical pain persisting beyond acute phases. As an opioid, it targets the central nervous system to dull pain perception, offering relief where milder drugs fail. Choice A, aspirin, is better suited for mild to moderate acute pain or inflammation, lacking the potency for chronic, intense pain. Choice C, antibiotics, treat infections, not pain, making them irrelevant here. Choice D, antidepressants, may adjunctively manage chronic pain (e.g., neuropathic pain) by altering neurotransmitters, but they're not primaryopioids like morphine take precedence for severe cases. Choice B is correct, reflecting its widespread use in chronic pain protocols, though nurses must monitor for tolerance, dependence, and side effects, balancing efficacy with safety in long-term care plans.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The basis for reluctance to take prescribed opioid analgesics in a client with chronic pain is likely fear of addiction, a common concern rooted in opioids' reputation for dependence. Clients may worry about physical or psychological reliance, even when medically justified, due to stigma or past experiences. Choice B, desire for more pain, is illogicalpain prompts treatment-seeking, not avoidance, unless psychological factors like self-punishment exist, which isn't typical. Choice C, allergic reaction, could deter use, but reluctance suggests hesitation, not a confirmed reaction, and allergies are less common than addiction fears. Choice D, lack of finances, might limit access but isn't implied herereluctance points to personal choice, not cost. Choice A is correct, highlighting a key barrier nurses address through education, explaining safe use, monitoring, and tapering plans to ease fears, ensuring pain relief without compromising trust or safety.