Which characteristics observed in an adolescent boy should always alert the community health nurse (CHN) to the possibility of suicide?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Questioning sexual orientation and history of depression are significant risk factors for suicide in adolescents. This indicates internal struggles and emotional distress. Choice A is incorrect as age alone is not a direct indicator of suicide risk. Choice C, threatening harm to peers, is concerning but does not directly relate to self-harm. Choice D, a history of torturing animals, is a sign of conduct disorder but not always indicative of suicidal ideation. In summary, questioning sexual orientation and history of depression are strong indicators of potential suicide risk in adolescents.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B can be prevented through immunization with a vaccine. The vaccine provides long-term protection against the virus. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and herpes are STIs that cannot be prevented through immunization. They are primarily transmitted through sexual contact and require other prevention methods such as safe sex practices and regular testing. Hepatitis B is the only STI in the list that has a vaccine available for prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because collecting blood specimens from preschool children to check for lead levels is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to detect and treat health problems early. This action helps identify children at risk for lead exposure and allows for early intervention to prevent further health issues. Choice B is incorrect because meeting with local government officials to request cleanup is more of a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing exposure to environmental hazards in the first place. Choice C is incorrect as it involves tertiary prevention, focusing on treatment and management of existing health problems. Choice D is incorrect as it pertains to primary prevention by educating parents about lead exposure risks.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the most recent report on water quality in the community. This is the best action as it allows the CHN to gather factual information on the water quality before taking further steps. By reviewing the report, the CHN can determine if there are any concerning findings that may explain the unusual taste. Advocating or lobbying (Choice A) may be necessary later on, but it's important to first gather evidence. Consulting CPCHE (Choice B) may provide useful information, but checking the local water quality report is more direct. Calling the poison control centre (Choice D) is not necessary unless there is evidence of immediate harm, which is not indicated in the scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reduce, reuse, recycle, recover. 1. Reduce: Minimizing the generation of waste or pollution at the source is the most effective way to manage risks. 2. Reuse: Extending the life of products by using them multiple times reduces the need for new production, further reducing risks. 3. Recycle: Processing waste materials into new products helps reduce the environmental impact of resource extraction and manufacturing. 4. Recover: Extracting useful materials or energy from waste that cannot be reduced, reused, or recycled is a final step in managing risks. Summary: A: Incorrect. "Reproduce" and "redeliver" are not part of the typical risk management strategies related to environmental pollution. C: Incorrect. "Review" is not an action for reducing risks, and the order of actions is different from the standard reduce, reuse, recycle, recover approach. D: Incorrect. "Report" is not a direct action for reducing risks related to