ATI RN
Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which cellular structure stores hormones and other substances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and other substances for secretion or for use within the cell. It stores hormones and other substances before they are secreted or transported to other parts of the cell. Endoplasmic reticulum (B) is involved in protein synthesis, not storage. Mitochondria (C) are the powerhouse of the cell, generating energy. Lysosomes (D) contain enzymes for digesting waste materials, not for storage. Therefore, the Golgi apparatus is the correct choice for storing hormones and other substances.
Question 2 of 5
When considering the dosage requirement for a 6-feet (1.8-m) tall client who weighs 280 pounds (127 kg), which statement is accurate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. For a 6-feet tall client weighing 280 pounds, the dose will be higher due to increased body weight requiring higher medication levels for therapeutic effect. Body weight influences drug distribution and metabolism. Option B is incorrect as higher weight typically requires higher dosage. Option C is incorrect as weight affects drug dosage. Option D is unrelated to the question about dosage based on weight and height.
Question 3 of 5
What is the characteristic action of an agonist?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because agonists bind to receptors and initiate a physiologic response. Step 1: Agonists mimic the action of endogenous ligands by binding to receptors. Step 2: This binding activates the receptors, leading to a specific physiological effect. Step 3: Choice A is incorrect because agonists do not alter distribution and metabolism processes. Choice B is incorrect as agonists do not counteract neurotransmitters but rather imitate their effects. Choice C is incorrect as agonists do not block neurotransmitter action, but enhance it by binding to receptors.
Question 4 of 5
A client tells the nurse, “I took my sleeping pill yesterday evening, but it didn’t seem to work for me like it usually does.” The nurse should consider which variable that can affect drug absorption? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: GI function. The absorption of drugs can be affected by the gastrointestinal (GI) function, including factors like gastric emptying time, pH of the stomach, and presence of food or other substances in the digestive tract. These factors can impact how quickly and effectively a drug is absorbed into the bloodstream. In this case, if the client's GI function is altered, it could explain why the sleeping pill did not work as expected. Summary of other choices: B: Blood flow to the site of administration - While blood flow can affect the distribution of a drug in the body, it does not directly impact drug absorption. C: The presence of other drugs - While interactions between drugs can affect drug efficacy, this primarily affects metabolism and excretion, not absorption. D: Route of administration - The route of administration affects how a drug is delivered to the body, but it does not directly impact drug absorption in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A client with cancer is taking the prescribed dose of morphine sulfate, and a family member informs the nurse that the client is extremely sedated. What finding by the nurse would indicate the causative factor for the increased sedation experienced by the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client is taking St. John’s wort for depression. St. John’s wort is known to interact with morphine sulfate, potentiating its sedative effects due to its impact on liver enzymes. This interaction can lead to increased sedation in the client. Incorrect choices: B: The client has a glass of ginger ale by the bedside. Ginger ale does not interact with morphine sulfate to cause increased sedation. C: A family member has a naloxone pen by the bedside. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose, not a causative factor for increased sedation. D: The client is taking metoprolol for hypertension. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker and does not interact with morphine sulfate to cause increased sedation.