Which causes the clinical manifestations of hydron

Question 1 of 5

Which causes the clinical manifestations of hydronephrosis?

A. A structural abnormality causes urine to back up, increasing pressure and causing cell death. B. Urine flows too freely, causing imbalances. C. Decreased urine production causes electrolyte issues. D. Abnormal urine composition leads to high blood pressure and increased GFR.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hydronephrosis results from urine backup due to a structural abnormality, which increases pressure and damages renal tissue.

Question 2 of 5

Marge is a 2-year-old girl who does not sit and eat at mealtimes but rather brings food to many rooms, eats a few bites, and drops it. Her parents report that she is a 'fussy eater.' Marge is significantly below weight for her age. She does not have any oral motor structure abnormalities, but eats only certain foods with the same texture. Which intervention strategy would be best to address the environmental context?

A. Prolong mealtimes and eliminate all snacks B. Provide high-calorie snacks and meals at the table throughout the day C. Allow Marge to eat whenever and wherever she wants in the house D. Require Marge to eat everything on her plate and at snack

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the case of Marge, who exhibits selective eating habits and struggles with weight gain, providing high-calorie snacks and meals at the table throughout the day can be an effective intervention. This strategy can help increase her food intake in a structured environment, promoting healthier eating habits and potentially addressing her below-average weight status. By offering calorie-dense foods at designated meal times, Marge may be more likely to consume the necessary nutrients to support her growth and development, ultimately improving her overall health.

Question 3 of 5

What is functional behavior analysis?

A. Systematic observation of behavior B. Standardized assessment C. Multiple choice examination D. Parent-teacher questionnaire

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Functional behavior analysis involves systematically observing behavior to understand its function and context. By observing and analyzing behavior in various situations, one can determine the triggers, patterns, and consequences that influence the behavior, leading to effective interventions and support strategies.

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate method to decrease the incidence of PONV?

A. Preoperative fasting B. Hydration using ketorolac C. Glucose supplementation D. Prophylactic use of ondansetron

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ketorolac can increase the risk of bleeding and is not typically used to reduce PONV.

Question 5 of 5

Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient being started on levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) for newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease?

A. Take medication on a full stomach B. Change positions slowly C. The drug may cause the urine to be very dilute D. Carbidopa has many adverse effects

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Postural hypotension is common early in treatment, so the patient should be instructed to change positions slowly. Administration with meals should be avoided, if possible, because food delays the absorption of the levodopa component. If the patient is experiencing side effects of nausea and vomiting, administration with food may be considered. The levodopa component may darken urine. Carbidopa has no adverse effects of its own.