Which bone has a diaphysis and epiphyses, articular cartilages, and a medullary cavity?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The tibia, a long bone, has a diaphysis (shaft), epiphyses (ends), articular cartilage (at joints), and a medullary cavity (marrow space). Scapula and sacrum are flat/irregular bones, and the patella (sesamoid) lacks a medullary cavity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bone marrow consists of adipose tissue (yellow marrow, fat storage), areolar tissue (loose connective tissue supporting structure), and blood (red marrow, site of hematopoiesis producing blood cells). Fibroblasts are present but not a major component, making B the most complete and accurate description.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Haversian canals are channels in compact bone containing blood vessels and nerves, characteristic of long bones like the humerus. Scapula (flat), pubis (irregular), and clavicle (long but less typical) have compact bone, but the humerus is a classic example of Haversian system structure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The human spine (vertebral column) consists of 33 bones: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral (fused into the sacrum), and 4 coccygeal (fused into the coccyx). In adults, the sacral and coccygeal bones fuse, but the total count remains 33 individual vertebrae.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The human skull comprises 22 bones: 8 cranial bones (protecting the brain) and 14 facial bones (structuring the face). 2 is far too low (perhaps confusing cranial/facial sections), and 12 undercounts the total.