Which best describes the concept of health promotion?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging healthy behaviors. Health promotion aims to empower individuals to take control of their health by adopting behaviors that prevent illness and promote overall well-being. This involves educating, motivating, and supporting people to make positive lifestyle choices. Treating illness (A) and ensuring access to care (C) are more related to healthcare delivery rather than health promotion. While disease prevention (D) is an important aspect of health promotion, it focuses specifically on preventing the occurrence of diseases rather than promoting overall health through positive behaviors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because cultural competence in community health nursing enables nurses to provide care that respects and responds to the health beliefs and practices of diverse patients. This is important for building trust, improving communication, and enhancing patient outcomes. Choice B is incorrect because cultural training is not mandatory for all healthcare providers. Choice C is incorrect because cultural competence goes beyond medical practices to encompass understanding and respecting patients' cultural backgrounds. Choice D is incorrect because cultural competence does not prevent misunderstandings, but rather helps nurses navigate and address them effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat diseases at an early stage. 2. Health screenings help identify early signs of disease before symptoms appear. 3. Early detection allows for prompt intervention to prevent disease progression. 4. Administering immunizations (A) is an example of primary prevention. 5. Providing rehabilitation services (C) is an example of tertiary prevention. 6. Educating the public (D) focuses on promoting healthy behaviors, also a primary prevention strategy. Summary: Option B is correct as it aligns with the goal of secondary prevention by detecting diseases early. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent primary prevention, tertiary prevention, and health promotion strategies, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Social justice in health care focuses on addressing the root causes of health disparities. Step 2: By addressing social determinants like poverty, education, and housing, health equity can be achieved. Step 3: This approach aims to create fair opportunities for everyone to attain good health outcomes. Step 4: Choices A and B do not address the underlying social factors contributing to disparities. Step 5: Choice D, offering free services, may not address the systemic issues that lead to inequities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Preventing the onset of disease. Health promotion activities aim to prevent diseases before they occur by promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles. This primary focus helps individuals maintain good health and well-being. Detecting diseases early (B) is part of screening and early intervention, not the main focus of health promotion. Managing chronic conditions (C) is more about disease management than prevention. Providing treatment for existing conditions (D) is reactive rather than proactive in promoting health.