Which best describes a key goal of secondary prevention?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Detecting diseases early. Secondary prevention aims to identify and treat diseases in their early stages to prevent progression and complications. Detecting diseases early allows for timely intervention and better outcomes. A: Preventing the onset of disease is primary prevention. C: Managing chronic conditions is tertiary prevention. D: Improving quality of life can be a goal of secondary prevention but is not the key goal.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Understanding the community's needs. This is crucial as it ensures interventions are tailored to address specific issues, leading to better outcomes. By understanding the community's needs, interventions can be more targeted, relevant, and sustainable. Availability of funding (A) is important but without understanding the community's needs, resources may be misallocated. Identifying health trends (C) is valuable but does not necessarily address the root causes of community health issues. Engaging health professionals (D) is beneficial, but without a thorough understanding of the community's needs, interventions may not effectively address the overarching concerns.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing health education to policymakers can influence policy decisions, leading to systemic changes that benefit public health. Policymakers have the authority to implement policies that can have a widespread impact on health outcomes. This action helps advocate for health by ensuring policymakers are informed and empowered to make decisions that prioritize public health needs. Choice B, conducting community health assessments, is important for identifying community health needs but does not directly advocate for health. Choice C, organizing community health fairs, promotes health awareness but may not lead to sustainable changes or policy improvements. Choice D, monitoring health outcomes, is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions but does not actively advocate for health through policy influence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because surveillance in public health involves systematically collecting, analyzing, and interpreting health data to monitor the spread of diseases. By monitoring disease patterns and trends, public health officials can identify outbreaks, track the effectiveness of interventions, and implement control measures. Choice B (providing direct patient care) is incorrect as surveillance focuses on population-level data rather than individual patient care. Choice C (offering health education workshops) is also incorrect as surveillance is primarily data-driven and focuses on monitoring health status rather than providing education. Choice D (conducting epidemiological research) is related to surveillance but is a broader concept that includes studying the causes and effects of diseases, whereas surveillance specifically refers to monitoring disease spread.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, educating the community about health issues. Advocacy in community health nursing involves empowering individuals and communities by providing them with knowledge and resources to make informed decisions about their health. This role focuses on promoting health literacy, preventive care, and healthy behaviors. Providing direct patient care (B) is not the primary role of advocacy but rather of direct patient care providers. Developing new health technologies (C) is more aligned with research and innovation rather than advocacy. Securing funding for health programs (D) is important but falls under the realm of health policy and management, not advocacy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of a disease or injury. Administering immunizations falls under primary prevention as it helps to protect individuals from getting the disease in the first place. Immunizations boost the body's immune system to fight off infections, reducing the likelihood of disease transmission. On the other hand, providing treatment for acute illnesses (choice B) is considered secondary prevention as it focuses on early detection and treatment to prevent the disease from progressing. Conducting health screenings (choice C) is also secondary prevention, as it involves early detection of diseases. Offering rehabilitation services (choice D) is tertiary prevention, which aims to minimize the impact of an existing disease or injury.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because evaluation ensures that programs meet their objectives by assessing their effectiveness and efficiency. Firstly, evaluation helps in monitoring progress towards goals. Secondly, it provides feedback on program implementation to make necessary adjustments. Lastly, it helps in identifying successful strategies for future program planning. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they are also important aspects of evaluation, they do not directly address the primary purpose of ensuring programs meet their objectives.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Understanding the community's needs. This is essential for community health planning as it allows for targeted interventions addressing specific health issues. By understanding the community's needs, planners can develop effective strategies. Analyzing health data trends (C) is important but understanding the community's needs is more crucial. Availability of funding (A) is important but not the most essential factor. Ensuring health care access (D) is also vital but may not directly address the community's specific health needs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat diseases early to prevent complications. Step 2: Screening for hypertension identifies high blood pressure before symptoms develop. Step 3: Early detection allows for timely intervention to prevent further health issues. Step 4: Providing immunizations (Choice B) is a primary prevention strategy. Step 5: Offering rehabilitation services (Choice C) is a tertiary prevention strategy. Step 6: Administering antibiotics for infections (Choice D) is a treatment, not prevention.