ATI RN
mcgraw hill microbiology test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which bacteria is known for causing the disease cholera?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vibrio cholerae. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae, a gram-negative bacterium that produces a toxin leading to severe watery diarrhea. Shigella dysenteriae causes dysentery, not cholera. Salmonella enterica causes salmonellosis, not cholera. Clostridium perfringens is associated with food poisoning, not cholera. In summary, Vibrio cholerae is the correct answer because it is the specific bacterium known to cause cholera, while the other choices are associated with different diseases.
Question 2 of 5
A 16-year-old boy from the rural area entered the technical school. During a regular Mantoux test, it turned out that this boy had a negative reaction. What tactics should the doctor choose as the most rational in this case?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: BCG vaccination. BCG vaccination is recommended for individuals with a negative Mantoux test result, especially in countries where tuberculosis is prevalent. This vaccination can help provide protection against tuberculosis. Choice A is incorrect because repeating the Mantoux test in a month is unnecessary since the boy already had a negative reaction. Choice B is incorrect as serodiagnosis of tuberculosis is not the first-line approach for diagnosis, especially in this scenario. Choice C is incorrect because urgent isolation is not necessary based solely on the Mantoux test result. Isolation is typically reserved for individuals with active tuberculosis.
Question 3 of 5
Bacterial transformation involves:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uptake of naked DNA from the environment. Bacterial transformation is a process where bacteria take up free DNA from their surroundings and incorporate it into their own genome. This process is essential for genetic recombination and the acquisition of new traits. Plasmids are small DNA molecules that can be transferred between bacteria, but not necessarily through pili. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and transfer their DNA, but this is not the primary mechanism of bacterial transformation. Binary fission is a method of bacterial reproduction, not related to the uptake of DNA.
Question 4 of 5
The most common causative agent of nosocomial infections are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. are common causative agents of nosocomial infections due to their presence on the skin, in the gut, and in healthcare settings. S. aureus and L. monocytogenes (Choice A) are also important pathogens but are less common in nosocomial infections. Enterobacteriaceae (Choice B) are a large family of bacteria that can cause infections but are not as commonly associated with nosocomial infections compared to the organisms in Choice C. The correct answer (Choice C) encompasses pathogens commonly found in healthcare settings, making it the most suitable option.
Question 5 of 5
Which one of all the clostridia that are associated with the disease myonecrosis/gas-gangrene can produce enterotoxin and could be responsible for the development of food intoxications:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clostridium perfringens. This bacterium is associated with myonecrosis/gas gangrene and can produce enterotoxin causing food intoxication. Clostridium septicum (A) is associated with wound infections but not known for food intoxications. Clostridium histolyticum (C) is not typically associated with myonecrosis or food intoxications. Clostridium novyi (D) is known for causing black disease in sheep and cattle, not food intoxications.
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