ATI RN
History of Public Health Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which assumption makes Orem's theory difficult to use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Orem's theory emphasizes self-care not the need for nursing intervention. It assumes that the client can control his or her environment, whereas most persons cannot control work, school, or neighborhood environments. Orem's theory is focused on individual self-care. The primary focus of nursing practice is on self-care needs and activities.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is using Milio's approach when caring for a client. Which advantage will the nurse experience?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: As the model focuses on sociopolitical and environmental constraints to a client's free choice, it also encourages assessment of such constraints, as well as suggesting alternative avenues to helping the patient obtain needed care. Milio encourages the practice of nursing from a broad understanding of health and illness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is using the critical theoretical perspective in daily nursing practice. Which activity would the nurse most likely complete?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Improvements can only be made if societal and personal values are made explicit. Once these values are recognized, they are more easily confronted. Change may be sought toward a more just society. Society must change for health and medical care to improve. Inequities of health care are connected to historically located social arrangements and cultural values of society.
Question 4 of 5
Which is most closely associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tremendous disparities for access exist between insured and uninsured people in the United States. Access to care is associated with economic, social, and political factors, and depending on individual and population needs, it can be a primary determinant of health status and survival. Structural variables such as race-ethnicity, educational status, gender, and income are highly predictive of health status.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is using a macroscopic approach when providing care. Which would the nurse most likely demonstrate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of public health nursing, using a macroscopic approach involves looking at health issues on a larger scale, such as at the community or population level. Providing testimony to legislators concerning proposed legislation (Option D) is the correct answer because it demonstrates how the nurse is engaging in advocacy and policy-making that can impact the health of a larger group of people. Option A, emphasizing behaviors that will help in healing, is a microscopic approach as it focuses on individual-level care rather than broader societal implications. Option B, examining the family's responses to illness, also falls under individual-focused care and does not address macroscopic issues. Option C, explaining how actions will help in healing, is important for patient education but does not involve the systemic and policy-level impact of macroscopic approaches. In an educational context, understanding the difference between microscopic and macroscopic approaches in public health nursing is crucial for nurses to effectively address health disparities and promote population health. By engaging in activities like advocating for policy changes, public health nurses can address root causes of health issues and work towards creating sustainable improvements in the health of communities.