Which assessment findings will the nurse expect in an individual who has just injected heroin?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drowsiness, constricted pupils, slurred speech. After injecting heroin, the individual experiences a rapid onset of effects due to the drug's ability to quickly cross the blood-brain barrier. The central nervous system is depressed, leading to drowsiness and sedation. Heroin causes constriction of the pupils (miosis) due to its effect on the autonomic nervous system. The individual may also exhibit slurred speech due to the drug's impact on cognitive and motor functions. Incorrect Choices: A: Anxiety, restlessness, paranoid delusions - These symptoms are more commonly associated with stimulant drugs like cocaine or amphetamines. B: Heightened sexuality, insomnia, euphoria - These effects are more commonly seen with stimulant drugs rather than heroin. C: Muscle aching, dilated pupils, tachycardia - Muscle aching and tachycardia are signs of opioid withdrawal rather than immediate effects of heroin use. Dil

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because confusion, mouth ulcers, and ataxia are common assessment findings in individuals who have been using inhalants. Confusion and ataxia are neurological symptoms associated with inhalant use, while mouth ulcers can result from the toxic effects of inhalants on oral mucosa. These findings indicate central nervous system depression and potential damage from inhalant exposure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with typical assessment findings of inhalant use. Perforated nasal septum and hypertension (A) are more commonly associated with chronic cocaine use. Drowsiness, euphoria, and constipation (B) are symptoms of opioid use. Pinpoint pupils and respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute (C) are indicative of opioid overdose, not inhalant use.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking a client to explain his or her cultural beliefs regarding the role of women demonstrates an understanding of the importance of value clarification. By exploring the client's cultural beliefs, the nurse shows respect for the client's values and perspectives, which is essential for building a therapeutic relationship. This action also promotes cultural competence and helps the nurse understand the client's worldview. Choice A is incorrect because although intently listening is important, it does not specifically address value clarification. Choice B is incorrect because arranging for the chaplain's visit may be helpful but does not directly relate to value clarification. Choice D is incorrect as encouraging the client to read a newspaper article on political issues does not necessarily focus on the client's values or beliefs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, "Have you ever lost a loved one before?" This question assesses the individual's prior experience with loss, providing insight into their coping mechanisms. It allows the individual to reflect on past experiences and potentially apply strategies used previously. Choice B is too direct and may not accurately predict coping ability. Choice C focuses on external support rather than individual coping skills. Choice D assumes positive memories are always accessible, which may not be the case in grief.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because re-evaluating the validity of traditionally accepted psychiatric nursing care interventions aligns with evidence-based practice principles. By critically examining current practices and seeking evidence to support them, nurses can ensure that interventions are based on the best available evidence. A: Offering depression screening is important but does not specifically address evidence-based practice for psychiatric nursing. B: Pursuing an advanced practice degree is beneficial for individual growth but does not directly impact evidence-based practice for the field. C: Discussing nursing interventions with the care team is collaborative but may not necessarily focus on evidence-based practice specifically.