ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, option A, "The posterior fontanel is open," would require further action by the nurse for a 4-month-old infant. The posterior fontanel typically closes by 2 months of age, so its persistence being open at 4 months could indicate a potential issue with normal growth and development or increased intracranial pressure, necessitating further assessment and intervention. Option B, "The infant has good head control when held upright," is a normal developmental milestone for a 4-month-old infant, indicating appropriate muscle strength and coordination. Option C, "The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back," is also a normal developmental milestone at this age, as infants typically develop the ability to roll from abdomen to back before mastering back to abdomen rolling. Option D, "The anterior fontanel is open and soft," is a normal finding in infants, as the anterior fontanel can remain open and soft until around 18 months of age, allowing for brain growth and development. Educationally, understanding the significance of fontanel closure and developmental milestones is crucial for pediatric nursing practice. This knowledge helps nurses identify deviations from normal growth and development, enabling timely interventions and promoting optimal health outcomes for infants.
Question 2 of 5
A 9-month-old infant who is not sitting independently has been diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy (CP). Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see in the baby?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In ataxic cerebral palsy, the characteristic features include hypotonia (low muscle tone) and muscle instability. These manifestations contribute to the infant's difficulty in achieving independent sitting. Hypertonia (increased muscle tone) and persistence of primitive reflexes, as mentioned in option B, are more commonly associated with other types of cerebral palsy. Tremors and exaggerated posturing (option C) are not typical features of ataxic CP. Hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body) and hypertonia (increased muscle tone) mentioned in option D are more commonly seen in other types of cerebral palsy, such as spastic CP.
Question 3 of 5
When the home health nurse visits the home of a 10-month-old child, she observes the environment for risks of injury to the child. Which observation will the nurse discuss with the mother?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because leaving a filled mop bucket on the floor poses a drowning hazard for a 10-month-old child. Water in the bucket can be a potential drowning risk if the child falls into it. Pan handles turned to the back of the stove prevent accidental spills or burns. Filling the bathtub before bringing the baby into the bathroom helps in preventing burns from hot water. Placing the child in a car seat in the middle of the back seat provides safety by minimizing the risk of injury during a car ride.
Question 4 of 5
Which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate upon assessment for a preschool-age child with a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, the ability to recognize clinical manifestations of common conditions like urinary tract infections (UTIs) is crucial for providing timely and effective care. For a preschool-age child with a UTI, the nurse should anticipate symptoms such as urgency, dysuria, and fever, which are indicative of lower urinary tract involvement in this age group. Option A is incorrect because headache, hematuria, and vertigo are not typical symptoms of a UTI in a preschool-age child. Option B is also incorrect as foul-smelling urine and elevated blood pressure are not commonly associated with UTIs in this population. Option D is incorrect as severe flank pain, nausea, and headache are more indicative of conditions like kidney stones rather than a UTI in preschool-age children. Educationally, understanding the age-specific clinical manifestations of UTIs in pediatric patients helps nurses differentiate between various conditions, prioritize care interventions, and promote positive outcomes through early detection and treatment. By choosing option C, the nurse demonstrates knowledge of age-appropriate UTI symptoms and can initiate appropriate interventions promptly to address the child's condition effectively.
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment finding, after the dialysate is drained during peritoneal dialysis for a child experiencing acute renal failure, would warrant further action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A lower volume of drained dialysate compared to the volume infused suggests a possible obstruction or malfunction in the dialysis process. This finding could compromise the effectiveness of the treatment and needs prompt assessment and intervention by the nurse to ensure the child's safety and well-being.