Which argument was used to convince the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company to establish the first community health nursing program for workers in 1909?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The rationale behind this answer is that using Public Health Nurses (PHNs) to keep workers healthier would increase worker productivity. This argument is logical because healthier workers are more productive, leading to better outcomes for the company. Choice A is incorrect because the decision was likely more influenced by practical considerations rather than moral reasoning. Choice B is incorrect because the focus was on the benefits to the company's workers, not just on cost savings. Choice C is incorrect because while increasing morale among workers is important, the primary focus was on improving worker health and productivity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ontario. The rationale for this is that Ontario was the first province in Canada to establish a public health nursing service in 1882. The Ontario government recognized the importance of public health and the need for trained professionals to address health issues in the community. Choice A: Nova Scotia - While Nova Scotia has a long history of public health initiatives, it was not the first province to establish a public health nursing service. Choice C: British Columbia - British Columbia also has a strong public health system, but it was not the first province to establish a public health nursing service. Choice D: Manitoba - Manitoba has made significant contributions to public health, but it was not the first province to establish a public health nursing service.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Skill in developing policy and planning programs to improve health, as it is a core competency required of public health nurses (PHNs). PHNs play a crucial role in developing and implementing public health policies and programs to improve community health outcomes. They need to have a deep understanding of health policy, program planning, and evaluation to effectively address public health issues. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: Advanced knowledge in the use of high-technology diagnostics is not a core competency for PHNs. While PHNs may use technology in their practice, their primary focus is on population health and preventive care rather than high-tech diagnostics. B: Familiarity with current life-support technology is more relevant to critical care nurses or emergency room nurses, rather than PHNs who focus on community health. C: Highly tuned skills for assessment of critically ill clients are important for acute care nurses, but PHNs focus on population-based health promotion and disease prevention rather than individual patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. In this scenario, the PHN is engaging in secondary prevention by tracing the sexual contacts of clients with STIs to prevent the spread of infections and provide early detection through screening. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of a disease. Choice A (Primary prevention) aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease before it occurs, while Choice C (Tertiary prevention) involves managing and treating existing conditions to prevent complications. Choice D (Secondary and tertiary prevention) is incorrect as the PHN's activity specifically aligns with secondary prevention only.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it implies that the parish nurse's role is solely to help clients identify their spiritual strengths, which is a limited view of pastoral care. Pastoral care involves holistic support, including emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. B is not the correct answer as it is incomplete. C is not the correct answer as involving the pastor in ministering to the congregation is a valid form of pastoral care. D is not the correct answer as emphasizing the spiritual dimension of nursing is a key aspect of pastoral care.