Which area should the nurse address first when a client presents with chest pain?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cardiac. When a client presents with chest pain, the nurse should address the cardiac area first because it is essential to rule out potentially life-threatening conditions like a heart attack. The heart is a vital organ, and any issues related to it require immediate attention. Respiratory issues could also cause chest pain, but cardiac concerns must be prioritized due to their severity. Gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal causes of chest pain are typically less urgent and can be considered after cardiac concerns have been addressed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: sensory deprivation. Sensory deprivation refers to the lack of meaningful stimuli to the senses, which can occur in a blind individual. In the ICU, the client's visual impairment, coupled with the need for contact precautions, restricts sensory input, leading to sensory deprivation. This can result in feelings of isolation, anxiety, and confusion. Choice A, sensory deficit, refers to a general impairment in any of the senses, not necessarily related to the client's specific situation. Choice B, sensory overload, involves an excessive amount of sensory stimuli, which is unlikely in a visually impaired client. Choice D, sensory overstimulation, implies an overwhelming amount of sensory input, which is not the case for a blind client in the ICU.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because body mechanics aim to prevent injury to both the client and the nurse by promoting proper positioning, lifting techniques, and movement. This helps reduce strain on muscles and joints, decreasing the risk of injury for both parties. Choice A is incorrect because body mechanics benefit both the client and the nurse, not just the client. Choice B is incorrect as it only focuses on protecting the nurse, which is not the sole purpose of proper body mechanics. Choice D is incorrect because while using proper body mechanics can help prevent injuries and potential legal issues, its primary goal is to ensure the safety and well-being of both the client and the nurse.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because sexuality is a natural and normal aspect of human life, regardless of age or health status. Older adults have the right to express their sexual feelings and desires. This expression can contribute to emotional well-being and quality of life. Choices A and B are incorrect as they suggest a limited view of sexuality in older adults. Choice C is incorrect as it wrongly implies that any expression of sexuality in older adults is a sign of a developmental problem, which is not true. Older adults, like individuals of all ages, have the ability and right to maintain their sexuality.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall utility or usefulness, which can be subjective and vary among individuals in a diverse community. This diversity can lead to disagreements on what is considered useful, making it challenging to find agreement on a definition of usefulness. Therefore, applying utilitarianism may not always resolve ethical dilemmas in such contexts. A: This statement is incorrect as utilitarianism does not solely eliminate the need to discuss spiritual values but rather emphasizes maximizing overall utility. C: This statement is incorrect as laws do not necessarily prohibit the application of utilitarianism, but rather the complexity of ethical dilemmas may not always be easily resolved through this approach. D: This statement is incorrect as utilitarianism aims to address difficult ethical decisions by evaluating the usefulness of different options.