Which are major risk factors for breast cancer? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because having a personal history of breast cancer, a family history of breast cancer in first-degree relatives, or both are major risk factors for developing breast cancer. This is due to the presence of genetic mutations that increase the likelihood of developing the disease. Choices A and B are not specific risk factors for breast cancer, although being female and increasing age are associated with higher risk. Choice D, high-fat diet and alcohol consumption, are not considered major risk factors for breast cancer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Anxiety is common due to the impact on family, body image, disability, and pain. Concern about treatment disruptions is valid but not as common as anxiety. Fear of death is a general fear but may not be as prominent as anxiety. Decisional conflict can occur but is more specific to treatment options rather than a common reaction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it aligns with the criteria for stage 2 breast cancer in the standard staging classification. In stage 2, the tumor is typically larger than 2 cm but not larger than 5 cm, there is no regional lymph node metastasis, and there are no distant metastases. Option A is incorrect because the tumor size is smaller than 2 cm, which does not meet the criteria for stage 2. Option B is incorrect as it describes no evidence of tumor with lymph node metastasis, which does not represent stage 2. Option C is incorrect as the tumor size is larger than 5 cm, exceeding the criteria for stage 2.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Breast reconstruction is not always done immediately to allow for healing post-mastectomy. 2. Immediate reconstruction may not be suitable for all patients due to various factors. 3. Delayed reconstruction is also a valid option and can be performed at a later time. 4. Therefore, the statement that breast reconstruction is always done immediately along with the mastectomy is not true. Summary: A: True - Breast reconstruction aims to promote symmetry and preserve body image. C: True - Breast reconstruction does not affect survival rates or interfere with treatments. D: True - Breast reconstruction generally has low morbidity and high patient satisfaction.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Those who have multiple tumors in the breast in several quadrants. Mastectomy is usually recommended for patients with multiple tumors in several quadrants to ensure complete removal of all cancerous tissue. This choice is correct because it addresses the need for more extensive surgery to effectively treat the cancer. A: Those who have not had radiation to the breast - Incorrect, as radiation history is not the sole determinant for recommending mastectomy. C: Those with no extensive DCIS - Incorrect, as the presence of DCIS alone may not warrant a mastectomy. D: Those with a small tumor compared to breast volume - Incorrect, as tumor size relative to breast volume is not the primary factor in determining the need for mastectomy in cases of multiple tumors in several quadrants.