ATI RN
ATI Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which antibodies are involved in Type II hypersensitivity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (IgG and IgM) because in Type II hypersensitivity, antibodies target antigens on cell surfaces or tissues. IgG and IgM antibodies are involved in this type of immune response by binding to antigens and triggering cell destruction through complement activation or phagocytosis. IgE and IgA (choice A) are typically associated with Type I and Type III hypersensitivity, respectively. IgD (choice C) is primarily involved in B cell activation, while IgA (choice D) is more commonly associated with mucosal immunity.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is a clinical feature of Grave's disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Exophthalmos and goiter. In Grave's disease, there is an overproduction of thyroid hormones leading to hyperthyroidism. Exophthalmos (bulging eyes) and goiter (enlarged thyroid gland) are classic clinical features due to autoimmune stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors. Pulmonary fibrosis (A) is not typically associated with Grave's disease. Skin vasculitis (C) and eczematous reaction (D) are also not commonly seen in Grave's disease.
Question 3 of 5
Which organ is most commonly affected in sarcoidosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lungs. Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the lungs in about 90% of cases. This is due to the formation of granulomas, inflammatory nodules, in the lung tissue. Kidney (A), Liver (C), and Thyroid (D) are less commonly affected organs in sarcoidosis. Kidney involvement occurs in about 20-30% of cases, liver involvement in about 10-30% of cases, and thyroid involvement is relatively rare. Therefore, based on the prevalence of organ involvement in sarcoidosis, the lungs are the most commonly affected organ.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is studying hypersensitivity reactions. Which reactions are correctly matched with their hypersensitivity types? (Select one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Type II hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by the action of immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM), not just IgM alone. IgG or IgM antibodies target specific antigens on the surface of cells or tissues, leading to cell destruction. In contrast, Type I hypersensitivity reactions (choice A) involve immediate IgE-mediated responses to allergens like hay fever and anaphylaxis. Type III reactions (choice C) are characterized by immune complex deposition in tissues, not blood vessel walls. Type IV reactions (choice D) are delayed hypersensitivity reactions involving T cell-mediated responses, such as poison ivy contact dermatitis and transplant rejection.
Question 5 of 5
The most abundant class of immunoglobulin in serum is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: IgG. IgG is the most abundant class of immunoglobulin in serum, constituting about 75% of total immunoglobulins. IgG plays a crucial role in humoral immunity, providing long-term protection against pathogens. IgE (A) is involved in allergic responses, IgA (B) is mainly found in mucosal secretions, and IgD (C) functions as a cell surface receptor on B cells. IgG is the primary immunoglobulin responsible for secondary immune responses and provides the bulk of the adaptive immune response.