ATI RN
Genitourinary Review of Systems Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which antibiotics should be avoided in patients of liver disease?:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetracycline. Tetracycline should be avoided in patients with liver disease due to its potential hepatotoxicity. Tetracycline is primarily metabolized in the liver and can exacerbate liver damage in patients with pre-existing liver conditions. Cotrimoxazole, Cephalexin, and Ethambutol are generally considered safe for use in patients with liver disease as they are not known to cause significant liver toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with psychologic disorder is being treated with a drug. Few months he is worried that he is constantly thirsty and urinates copiously frequently throughout the day and night. Which of the following drugs most likely cause inappropriate secretion of ADH?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lithium. Lithium is known to cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, leading to inappropriate secretion of ADH. This results in excessive thirst and copious urination. Diazepam (A) does not affect ADH secretion. Haloperidol (C) and Phenytoin (D) are not associated with ADH dysregulation.
Question 3 of 5
The Na+Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is blocked by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Thiazides. Thiazides work by inhibiting the Na+/Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to decreased sodium reabsorption and increased urine output. This results in decreased blood volume and lower blood pressure. Spironolactone (A) works by blocking aldosterone receptors, affecting potassium and sodium balance. Furosemide (C) and Ethacrynic acid (D) act on the loop of Henle, inhibiting the Na+/K+/2Cl- transporter. Therefore, the correct answer is B because thiazides specifically target the Na+/Cl- transporter in the distal convoluted tubule.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following methods should the nurse use to assess the kidneys for tenderness or pain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: By lightly striking the fist at the costovertebral angle. This method is known as percussion and is used to assess for kidney tenderness or pain. Percussion helps to identify any abnormalities in the kidneys or surrounding structures. Auscultation (choice A) is used to listen for sounds, not assess for tenderness. Observing for signs of bleeding (choice C) and monitoring pressure dressing (choice D) are not appropriate methods for assessing kidney tenderness or pain.
Question 5 of 5
Patients with nephrolithiasis or kidney stones need to increase fluid intake. This is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Help flush the stones through the urinary tract. Increasing fluid intake can help dilute the urine, preventing stone formation and aiding in the passage of existing stones. Adequate hydration promotes frequent urination, which can help flush out the stones and reduce the risk of complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A: Concentrating the urine can actually exacerbate stone formation. C: Struvite crystals are not typically formed in nephrolithiasis. D: Breaking down stones requires medical intervention, not just increased fluid intake.