ATI RN
Virtual ATI Pharmacology Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which activity has a higher priority for the nurse to advise the patient to avoid while taking ixazomib?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ixazomib, a proteasome inhibitor, can cause myelosuppression, increasing the risk of infections. Patients should be advised to avoid crowds and individuals who are ill to reduce exposure to infectious agents. While alcohol and aspirin may interact with other medications, they are not specifically contraindicated with ixazomib. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not required, as it can be taken with or without food. Preventing infections is the highest priority due to the drug's impact on the immune system.
Question 2 of 5
An elderly woman took a prescription medicine to help her to sleep; however, she felt restless all night and did not sleep at all. The nurse recognizes that this woman has experienced which type of reaction or effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An idiosyncratic reaction is an unusual or unexpected response to a medication that is not related to the drug's known pharmacological effects. In this case, the elderly woman experienced restlessness instead of sedation, which is contrary to the expected effect of a sleep aid. Idiosyncratic reactions are unpredictable and can vary widely among individuals. Allergic reactions involve the immune system, mutagenic effects involve genetic changes, and synergistic effects involve interactions between multiple drugs. Since the woman's response was unexpected and not consistent with the drug's intended effect, it is classified as an idiosyncratic reaction.
Question 3 of 5
A month after receiving a blood transfusion an immunocompromised male patient develops a fever, liver abnormalities, a rash, and diarrhea. The nurse would suspect this patient has:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a potential complication in immunocompromised patients after receiving blood transfusions. It occurs when donor lymphocytes attack the recipient's tissues, leading to symptoms such as fever, rash, liver dysfunction, and diarrhea. This condition typically arises weeks to months after transfusion. An allergic response to medication would not explain the systemic symptoms. Myelosuppression is unrelated to transfusion. Therefore, GVHD is the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drugs is contraindicated if there is a history of acute porphyria?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute porphyria involves heme synthesis defects, triggered by drugs inducing hepatic enzymes (e.g., CYP450). Quinine, used in malaria, isn't a major porphyria trigger. Atenolol, a beta-blocker, is porphyrin-safe, with minimal enzyme induction. Oral contraceptives, containing estrogens/progestins, induce ALA synthase, exacerbating acute porphyria, making them contraindicated. Heparin and amoxicillin don't significantly affect porphyrin metabolism. The contraceptive link reflects hormonal exacerbation of porphyric attacks, critical for safe prescribing in this rare condition.
Question 5 of 5
Atropine:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine, a muscarinic antagonist, causes bronchodilation by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, a true statement used in asthma or COPD. It produces mydriasis (pupil dilation), not miosis (constriction), making that false, as it blocks parasympathetic tone. It's highly lipid-soluble, crossing the blood-brain barrier, so that's false. It doesn't block acetylcholine (ACh) reuptake (there's no such mechanism) but competitively inhibits muscarinic receptors, so that's incorrect. It reduces, not increases, salivary secretions. Bronchodilation is a primary therapeutic effect, reflecting atropine's anticholinergic action, critical for respiratory applications and distinguishing it from sympathomimetics.