Which action will the public health nurse perform when conducting an ethical community study?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because obtaining informed consent from each participant in the study is an essential ethical practice in research. This ensures that participants are fully aware of the study's purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits before deciding to participate. It upholds the principles of autonomy, respect for individuals, and beneficence. Requiring all participants to provide informed consent promotes transparency and protects participants' rights. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not align with the ethical principle of informed consent for all research participants, regardless of their vulnerability, the study's risks, or completion status.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal of integrating environmental health into nursing practice is to promote environmental justice. This involves addressing disparities in exposure to environmental hazards and ensuring equitable access to a healthy environment for all individuals. By prioritizing environmental justice, nurses can advocate for policies and practices that protect vulnerable populations and prevent environmental health risks. Improving health care infrastructure (A) focuses on healthcare facilities, not environmental health. Enhancing patient satisfaction (B) is important but not the primary goal of environmental health integration. Reducing healthcare costs (D) is a benefit but not the main purpose of addressing environmental health in nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Nightingale's Environmental Theory emphasizes the importance of the environment in promoting patient recovery. Nurses following this theory focus on utilizing the client's environment to create a healing and supportive space. This involves ensuring cleanliness, proper lighting, ventilation, and overall comfort to aid in the recovery process. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly align with Nightingale's Environmental Theory. While these actions are important for environmental sustainability and justice, they do not specifically relate to how a nurse can apply Nightingale's theory in a clinical setting to promote patient well-being and recovery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Biomonitoring data. Biomonitoring involves assessing the presence of chemicals in biological samples like blood and urine to measure human exposure. It provides direct evidence of exposure levels and potential health risks. Toxicology data (A) focuses on the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms. Exposure assessments (C) involve evaluating the routes and levels of exposure to chemicals. Environmental burden (D) refers to the overall impact of environmental factors on health, not specific chemical presence in biological samples. Therefore, biomonitoring data is the most appropriate choice for assessing the presence of certain chemicals in blood and urine samples from a community.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, using rainwater harvesting for drinking water. This strategy promotes sustainability, reduces water consumption, and minimizes environmental impact. Composting organic matter (A) is beneficial but not directly related to improving environmental health. Disposing of electronics with household trash (B) contributes to e-waste pollution. Keeping windows tightly shut (D) may help with energy efficiency but does not address environmental health directly. By promoting rainwater harvesting, the nurse can educate the community on a practical, eco-friendly solution for improving environmental health.