Which action proposed to prevent problems related to coronary artery disease (CAD) in a region with a high prevalence is most likely to have positive outcomes?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it addresses prevention strategies at multiple levels - early education in schools, community-wide awareness through presentations, and targeted education for high-risk populations. Introducing heart health information in Grade 1 can establish lifelong healthy habits. Presentations for the community will reach a wider audience, promoting awareness and behavior change. Special education sessions for high-risk populations ensure tailored interventions. Choice B focuses on online activities and screenings, which may not be as effective in reaching the entire population. Choice C includes some good components like educational materials and screenings but lacks the comprehensive approach of choice A. Choice D is more focused on treatment and management rather than prevention, which is not as effective in addressing the high prevalence of CAD in the region.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because teaching anger management skills to teens in a halfway house involves collaborating with individuals to promote behavioral change, demonstrating the role of a change partner. Administering vaccinations (A) is more of a healthcare provider role. Analyzing community problems (B) is part of assessment and planning, not direct change partnership. Establishing a care center (C) addresses a need but does not necessarily involve actively facilitating behavior change.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Preactive stage. In this stage, assessment of needs is done before implementing a program. For the daycare program for the elderly, assessing their specific requirements, preferences, and challenges is crucial for effective planning. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Reactive stage - This stage involves responding to an issue after it has occurred, not suitable for proactive planning. C: Inactive stage - This stage implies no action or planning, which is not appropriate for establishing a new program. D: Interactive stage - This stage involves engaging with stakeholders during program implementation, not specifically focused on assessing needs beforehand.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Community forums. Community forums typically involve a larger number of participants and may require more resources to organize and conduct compared to other options. By eliminating community forums, the CHN can save costs and still gather valuable insights through other methods like examining community indicators, conducting focus groups, and administering surveys. These alternatives are more cost-effective and efficient for conducting a needs assessment on a limited budget. Focus groups allow for in-depth discussions, surveys provide quantitative data, and examining community indicators offers existing data for analysis, making them more suitable choices for a constrained budget.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Tertiary prevention focuses on reducing the impact of an already established disease or condition. Step 2: Lifestyle improvement programs for obese children fall under tertiary prevention by helping manage and improve their condition. Step 3: Establishing these programs through local youth organizations allows for wide-reaching support and resources. Step 4: Evaluating food intake (B) is more related to primary prevention. Providing educational programs to overweight parents (C) is secondary prevention. Measuring BMI in well-child assessments (D) is more about early detection rather than tertiary prevention. Therefore, option A is the correct choice for promoting improved health in obese children through tertiary prevention.