Which action must the nurse take after a patient has been diagnosed with hepatitis A?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report the case to the local public health department. This action is necessary to ensure proper disease surveillance, contact tracing, and implementation of public health measures to prevent further spread of hepatitis A in the community. The local public health department is responsible for monitoring and controlling infectious diseases at the community level, making it crucial for the nurse to report the case to them. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Notifying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is not the immediate action required at the local level. C: Informing the National Institutes of Health is not necessary for immediate public health response. D: Reporting the case to the primary care provider is important for patient care but does not address the public health implications of the diagnosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because developing policies in collaboration with an interprofessional team supports the core function of assurance by ensuring that necessary regulations and standards are in place to protect and promote public health. This activity helps guarantee that health services are delivered effectively and efficiently. Surveying a population (choice A) focuses more on assessment rather than assurance. Monitoring health data trends (choice C) is essential for assessment and policy development but does not directly address the assurance function. Ensuring access to health services for all (choice D) relates more to the core function of accessibility rather than assurance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because implementing a comprehensive education program for individuals with heart disease is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the development of heart disease. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the disease from occurring in the first place. The other choices focus on secondary or tertiary prevention strategies. Choice B involves supporting young families in parenthood, which is more of a secondary prevention strategy. Choice C recommending exercise programs to clients with degenerative joint disease focuses on managing the condition rather than preventing it. Choice D educating adolescents about reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections is also a secondary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the spread of infections rather than preventing them from occurring.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Defining a scope of practice for nurses ensures they work within their level of qualification, expertise, and competence, promoting safe and effective patient care. Step 2: It helps prevent nurses from performing tasks beyond their training, reducing the risk of errors and harm to patients. Step 3: By clearly outlining what nurses can and cannot do, it provides clarity and accountability in their practice. Step 4: This supports professional development by encouraging ongoing education and training to expand their scope as they gain experience. Step 5: Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while they are important aspects of nursing practice, they do not directly address the main purpose of defining a scope of practice, which is to ensure nurses work within their level of qualification and competence to protect patient safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cultural competency. When hiring a workforce representative of the community, the nurse must understand and respect cultural differences to effectively engage with diverse populations. This falls under the Cultural competency domain, which focuses on recognizing, respecting, and incorporating cultural beliefs and practices into nursing practice. A: Communication - While important, hiring a diverse workforce goes beyond communication skills. C: Community dimensions of practice - This domain focuses on understanding the community as a whole, not specifically on hiring practices. D: Leadership and systems thinking - This domain emphasizes leadership skills and understanding of healthcare systems, which are not directly related to hiring a culturally representative workforce.