Which action describes a role of the nurse in public health?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because recommending policies to prevent health problems is a key role of nurses in public health. Nurses play a crucial role in advocating for policies that promote health and prevent diseases at a population level. This action aligns with the core principles of public health, focusing on prevention and improving the health of communities as a whole. A, improving individual outcomes, is important but not specific to public health nursing. B, addressing racism in a community, is a social justice issue and not a direct role of a nurse in public health. C, performing a family assessment, is more related to individual or family-centered care rather than population health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention involves minimizing the negative impact of health conditions. This is achieved by managing and treating existing health problems to prevent further complications or disabilities. In contrast, option A relates to avoiding unnecessary medical interventions, option B focuses on primary prevention by addressing risk factors before health issues arise, and option D pertains to preventing adverse health outcomes before they happen. By choosing option C, the community health nurse is directly involved in providing care and interventions to improve the quality of life and reduce the consequences of existing health conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting vaccination campaigns to promote immunizations represents an autonomous public-health nursing function. Public health nursing focuses on promoting and protecting the health of populations through preventive measures like immunizations. This role does not require direct collaboration with physicians or performing medical procedures, making choices A, C, and D incorrect. Providing direct care to wounded soldiers and assisting in surgical operations are more focused on individual patient care rather than population health promotion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because applying research findings to develop new community programs falls under the domain of public health sciences. Here's a step-by-step rationale: 1. Public health sciences involve using evidence-based research to inform public health practice. 2. The public health nurse applying research findings demonstrates critical thinking and decision-making based on scientific evidence. 3. This action contributes to the development of effective community programs that are grounded in research. 4. Options A and B focus more on health promotion and cultural competence, respectively, which are important but not specifically within the public health sciences domain. 5. Option D addresses access to healthcare, which is significant but not directly related to the application of research findings in program development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Social prescribing involves linking individuals with non-medical sources of support to improve their health and well-being. By suggesting volunteer work to a client feeling depressed after retiring, the nurse helps address the client's emotional needs and social isolation, promoting mental well-being. Referring a client with heart failure to a cardiac rehabilitation program (A) involves medical intervention. Teaching a client with diabetes how to inject insulin (B) is related to disease management. Assessing social resources of a community (D) is broader and does not directly address the individual client's needs.