Which action by the nurse is a primary prevention strategy?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because implementing a comprehensive education program for individuals with heart disease is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the development of heart disease. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the disease from occurring in the first place. The other choices focus on secondary or tertiary prevention strategies. Choice B involves supporting young families in parenthood, which is more of a secondary prevention strategy. Choice C recommending exercise programs to clients with degenerative joint disease focuses on managing the condition rather than preventing it. Choice D educating adolescents about reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections is also a secondary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the spread of infections rather than preventing them from occurring.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cultural competency. When hiring a workforce representative of the community, the nurse must understand and respect cultural differences to effectively engage with diverse populations. This falls under the Cultural competency domain, which focuses on recognizing, respecting, and incorporating cultural beliefs and practices into nursing practice. A: Communication - While important, hiring a diverse workforce goes beyond communication skills. C: Community dimensions of practice - This domain focuses on understanding the community as a whole, not specifically on hiring practices. D: Leadership and systems thinking - This domain emphasizes leadership skills and understanding of healthcare systems, which are not directly related to hiring a culturally representative workforce.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of a disease or injury before it occurs. In this scenario, the nurse is providing bike safety tips to children to prevent accidents from happening in the first place. Primordial prevention focuses on addressing social determinants of health before risk factors develop, which is not the case here. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease or injury, which does not align with the nurse's role in providing safety tips. Tertiary prevention involves managing and treating existing conditions to prevent complications, which is not the focus of the nurse's intervention in promoting bike safety for children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because attending meetings of various health agencies allows the nurse to stay informed about current health issues, collaborate with other professionals, and advocate for public health policies. This role involves networking, sharing information, and influencing decisions at a higher level. A is incorrect as it focuses on a specific community issue rather than the broader role of a public health nurse. C is incorrect as it is limited to individual health concerns, not the population-level focus of a public health nurse. D is incorrect as watching a city council meeting does not actively engage in the duties of a public health nurse.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assurance. Assurance involves ensuring essential community-oriented health services are available, accessible, and of high quality. This function focuses on making sure the necessary health services are provided to the community. Policy development (A) involves creating health policies, assessment (B) involves collecting and analyzing data to understand health issues, and scientific knowledge-based care (D) focuses on evidence-based healthcare delivery, but these functions do not specifically address the availability of essential community-oriented health services.