ATI RN
Epidemiology Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which action by the nurse during an infectious disease outbreak is an example of a secondary prevention measure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Engaging in contact tracing. This is a secondary prevention measure because it involves identifying and monitoring individuals who have been in contact with infected individuals to prevent further spread of the disease. Contact tracing helps to contain the outbreak by isolating those who may have been exposed. A: Administering immunizations is a primary prevention measure aimed at preventing the disease in the first place. C: Providing direct care to infected individuals is a tertiary prevention measure focused on treating the disease and its complications. D: Educating the public about disease transmission is a primary prevention measure to raise awareness and prevent the spread of the disease.
Question 2 of 5
young women had the problem. The answer of 300:1300 adds the total of the numerator to the denominator, which is unnecessary because the gonorrhea cases were already included in the denominator. In the answer of 300:500, the ratio comparing gonorrhea to chlamydia does not meet the epidemiological definition of proportion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in epidemiology, proportions should have the numerator included in the denominator. In this case, the total number of gonorrhea cases should be included in the total number of STIs to accurately represent the proportion. Choice B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the basic principle of proportion in epidemiological analysis. Choice B does not address the inclusion of the numerator in the denominator. Choices C and D are not relevant to the concept of proportion in this context.
Question 3 of 5
A nursing staff has successfully screened for diabetes in the community. Which of the following might best persuade the health board to increase funding for diabetic clinics in this community?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Highlight the urgency - "An epidemic of diabetes is now recognized" emphasizes the seriousness and scale of the issue, indicating a pressing need for action. Step 2: Emphasize impact - By acknowledging the epidemic, the health board can see the potential consequences on public health, motivating them to allocate more resources. Step 3: Address solutions - The term "must be addressed" suggests a call to action, conveying the necessity of increased funding for diabetic clinics to effectively manage and prevent further spread of diabetes. Summary: - Choice A is correct as it effectively conveys the urgency, impact, and necessity of addressing the diabetes epidemic. - Choices C and D are incorrect as they only state that the incidence or prevalence of diabetes is higher without emphasizing the urgent need for action. - Choice B is incomplete and lacks the critical information required to persuade the health board to increase funding.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is examining the various factors that lead to disease and suggests several areas where
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Web of causality. This model considers multiple factors interacting and contributing to disease causation. It emphasizes the complexity and interconnectedness of various determinants of health. The epidemiologic triangle (B) focuses on agent, host, and environment in disease transmission, not causation. Health promotion (C) involves strategies to improve health behaviors and outcomes, not disease causation. In summary, the Web of causality model is the most appropriate choice as it comprehensively examines the multifactorial nature of disease etiology.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse has only a regular blood pressure cuff when conducting a health screening for all of the residents of a community. Which of the following may be lacking when obtaining blood pressure readings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Sensitivity Rationale: 1. Sensitivity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those with the condition (high blood pressure). 2. A regular blood pressure cuff may not be sensitive enough to accurately detect high blood pressure in some individuals. 3. Lack of sensitivity can lead to false-negative results, missing individuals who have high blood pressure. 4. Reliability (consistency of results), specificity (ability to correctly identify those without the condition), and validity (accuracy of measurements) are not directly impacted by the type of blood pressure cuff used.