ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which 1988 report by the Institute of Medicine called for reform in the public health system of the United States?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Future of Public Health Report. This report released by the Institute of Medicine in 1988 outlined the need for a comprehensive overhaul of the public health system in the United States. It emphasized the importance of shifting focus from individual health care to population health, promoting prevention, and addressing social determinants of health. Choice B: The National Health Policy Report is incorrect as it does not specifically address reform in the public health system. Choice C: The U.S. Health Reform Report is incorrect as it is a generic term and doesn't refer to a specific report by the Institute of Medicine calling for reform in the public health system. Choice D: The Healthy People 2000 Report is incorrect as it is a different report focusing on national health objectives and not specifically on reforming the public health system.
Question 2 of 5
How did the Industrial Revolution result in previous caregiving approaches, such as care by families, friends, and neighbors, becoming inadequate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Care became inadequate because of the social changes in Europe, with great advances in transportation, communication, and other technologies. The increased mobility led to migration and urbanization, which in turn led to increased need for care. The Industrial Revolution was not a time of economic/political unrest (A) or plagues (B), and caregivers were typically untrained, not demanding pay (D).
Question 3 of 5
Why did American citizens become interested in establishing government-sponsored boards of health?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Threat of disease, especially yellow fever, led to public interest in establishing government-sponsored boards of health. The focus was on public health for all, not just the poor (B), funding (C), or records (D), though these were secondary benefits.
Question 4 of 5
What was the outcome of the Shattuck Report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It took 19 years for the first of Shattuck’s recommendations to be implemented, but his report was the first effort to create a modern public health organization. Changes were not immediate (D) and focused on long-term guidelines (C) rather than substance abuse (A) or sanitation alone (B).
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following would have been the focus of a school nurse in the early 20th century?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Early school nursing focused on investigating causes of absenteeism. Medical treatment (D) was for physicians, and nurses didn’t teach (B) or promote autonomy (C) in that role then.