Where does fertilization of the egg typically occur?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fallopian tube. Fertilization of the egg typically occurs in the fallopian tube where the sperm meets the egg to form a zygote. The fallopian tubes provide a suitable environment for fertilization to take place. The other choices (A: Uterus, B: Ovary, C: Cervix) are incorrect because fertilization does not occur in these locations. The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and grows into a fetus, the ovary releases the egg during ovulation, and the cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating milk production after childbirth. It is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in lactation. Oxytocin, another hormone, is responsible for milk ejection during breastfeeding, not milk production. Estrogen and progesterone are involved in regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, not milk production. Therefore, the correct choice is A as it directly relates to milk production post-childbirth.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxytocin. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor. It is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. Oxytocin plays a crucial role in initiating and sustaining labor contractions by acting on the smooth muscle of the uterus. Estrogen and FSH are not directly involved in uterine contractions. Prostaglandins play a role in cervical ripening and softening but are not the primary hormone responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer because it is responsible for thickening the cervical mucus during ovulation. Estrogen levels increase during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, leading to the production of thick, clear mucus that helps sperm travel to the egg for fertilization. Progesterone, FSH, and LH do not directly influence cervical mucus consistency during ovulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Fallopian tube. Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the Fallopian tube, where the egg and sperm meet. This site provides the ideal environment for fertilization due to the presence of cilia that help move the egg and sperm towards each other. Additionally, the Fallopian tube provides nourishment and support for the developing embryo before it travels to the uterus for implantation. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The ovary is the site where eggs are produced but not where fertilization occurs. B: The cervix is the lower part of the uterus and serves as a passageway for sperm to enter the uterus but not the site of fertilization. D: The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, but fertilization itself does not occur in the uterus.