Where are most fat-digesting enzymes produced?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: pancreas. The pancreas produces most fat-digesting enzymes, such as lipase, which help break down fats in the small intestine. The liver produces bile, stored in the gallbladder, which aids in fat digestion but doesn't directly produce fat-digesting enzymes. The small intestine primarily absorbs nutrients rather than producing fat-digesting enzymes. Therefore, the pancreas is the main source of fat-digesting enzymes in the digestive system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: parietal cells. Parietal cells are located in the gastric glands of the stomach and are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid to help with digestion. They also secrete intrinsic factor, which is essential for vitamin B12 absorption. Enteroendocrine cells (B) produce hormones, mucous neck cells (C) secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining, and chief cells (D) produce pepsinogen for protein digestion, but they do not produce hydrochloric acid. Therefore, parietal cells are the only cells among the choices that specifically produce hydrochloric acid.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the small intestine is where the majority of digestion occurs, including the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. This is facilitated by enzymes and bile produced by other organs. Villi in the small intestine increase surface area for absorption, making choice A incorrect. Absorption of water primarily occurs in the large intestine, so choice C is incorrect. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not the small intestine, making choice D incorrect. Thus, the small intestine's role in digestion makes it the correct characteristic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Amylase. Amylase is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates by breaking down starches into simple sugars like glucose. It is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas, and works in both the mouth and small intestine. Lipase (B) digests fats, Pepsin (C) digests proteins, and Trypsin (D) also digests proteins but not carbohydrates. Therefore, they are not responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Enteropeptidase. Enteropeptidase is not produced by the exocrine pancreas; it is produced by the duodenal mucosa. Proelastase, DNase, and amylase are enzymes produced by the exocrine pancreas. Proelastase is involved in the breakdown of elastin, DNase breaks down DNA, and amylase helps in the digestion of carbohydrates. Therefore, the correct answer is D because Enteropeptidase is not produced by the exocrine pancreas but by the duodenal mucosa.