When working with moms and babies from diverse backgrounds in the community, what is a necessary competence for a public health nurse to have self-awareness and humility?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because self-awareness and humility are crucial competencies for a public health nurse working with diverse populations. By acknowledging imperfections openly and listening to patient feedback, the nurse demonstrates an understanding of their own limitations and a willingness to learn and improve. This approach fosters trust and communication with clients, leading to better outcomes. A is incorrect because it focuses on the nurse's confidence rather than self-awareness and humility. B is incorrect as it highlights a judgmental attitude towards expectant moms instead of promoting understanding and support. C is incorrect as it emphasizes correcting behavior rather than listening and understanding the individual's needs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: managed care. The Four M's framework for Age-Friendly Health Systems focuses on medication, mentation, and mobility to enhance the care for older adults. Managed care, which typically refers to a system of healthcare delivery, is not one of the core concepts within this framework. Medication emphasizes safe and appropriate drug use, mentation focuses on cognitive health, and mobility emphasizes maintaining physical function. Managed care does not directly address the specific health needs of older adults, making it the incorrect choice in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because fee-for-service care typically involves fees that vary and are not uniform across states due to minimal regulation. This variability allows providers to set their own prices based on factors such as demand, competition, and cost of services. This system promotes flexibility but can lead to inconsistencies and higher costs. A is incorrect because fee-for-service care is not typically based on the patient's ability to pay or capped. B is incorrect because fees are not necessarily reflective of the fair market value and can be influenced by other factors. C is incorrect because fee schedules are not the primary factor enabling hospitals and clinics to function properly in a fee-for-service system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): In value-based care, the main goal is to achieve the best outcomes relative to cost. This is represented by the equation Quality/Cost. Quality divided by Cost indicates the emphasis on maximizing outcomes while minimizing costs, aligning with the principles of value-based care. By focusing on Quality/Cost, healthcare providers aim to deliver high-quality care efficiently and effectively. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A (Cost X Quality): This equation focuses on the product of cost and quality, rather than the relationship between outcomes and cost. B (Cost X Quality/Consumer satisfaction): Consumer satisfaction is not explicitly related to achieving the best outcomes relative to cost in value-based care. D (Fee for service/discount rate): This choice is not relevant to measuring and optimizing outcomes in value-based care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Advocacy - Yellow wedge. Advocacy involves working to influence policies, laws, and regulations to improve health outcomes for communities. In this scenario, partnering with the American Heart Association to develop public policy statements aligns with advocacy as it aims to promote the expansion of the Double Up Food Bucks program through policy change. This action directly impacts the social and economic factors affecting health, making it an advocacy intervention. Choices A, C, and D do not involve influencing policies or advocating for systemic changes, making them incorrect in this context.