When working with a parent who will not vaccinate their child, what is the best way the public health nurse can work through this ethical dilemma?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply the Oberle and Raffin model. This model involves four steps: recognizing the ethical issue, reflecting on personal values, considering the ethical principles, and applying the model to make a decision. It is crucial for the public health nurse to approach the situation ethically, considering the well-being of the child and the community. Discussing with colleagues or consulting with a friend who also does not vaccinate may introduce bias and not provide a comprehensive ethical perspective. Starting a research study does not directly address the immediate ethical dilemma the nurse is facing. By following the Oberle and Raffin model, the nurse can navigate the ethical dilemma in a systematic and ethical manner.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Overt racism involves explicit discrimination and hostility towards individuals based on their race. 2. Participating in hate crimes directly targets and harms individuals because of their race, hence exemplifying overt racism. 3. Using traditional food and dress (A) and restricting the burning of sweet grass (B) are cultural practices, not acts of overt racism. 4. Making job positions available only to Canadian-born individuals (D) is discriminatory, but it does not involve direct harm or hatred based on race.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because reflecting on personal beliefs helps the CHN understand their own cultural biases and how they may affect interactions with diverse populations. This self-awareness is crucial for developing cultural competence. Choice A is incorrect as a survey alone does not promote self-reflection. Choice C may provide exposure to another culture, but it doesn't directly address the CHN's own cultural awareness. Choice D focuses on studying others' cultures rather than reflecting on one's own beliefs, missing the crucial aspect of self-awareness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it correctly states that the proportion of chlamydia cases to all STIs was 500:1. This is calculated by dividing the number of chlamydia cases (500) by the total number of STI cases (1,000). This ratio accurately reflects the relationship between chlamydia cases and total STI cases within the given data. Choice A is incorrect as it incorrectly states that the proportion of gonorrhea cases to all STIs was 300:1. This ratio is inaccurate and does not reflect the actual data provided. Choices B and C are not provided, but they would be incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the proportion of chlamydia cases to total STI cases as required by the question.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sensitivity. When a person with AIDS receives a TB skin test, their immune system may be too weak to mount a response, leading to a false negative result. Sensitivity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify those with the disease, making it low in this case. A: Positive predictive value is the likelihood that a positive test result truly indicates the presence of the disease, which is not affected by the weakened immune system in AIDS. B: Reliability refers to the consistency of a test's results, which is not directly impacted by the immune deficiency in AIDS. D: Specificity is the test's ability to correctly identify those without the disease, which is also not directly influenced by the immune deficiency in AIDS.