When using the mnemonic PQRSTU to help remember all the points of a patient's perception of his or her problem, what does the "S" signify?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Severity. In the PQRSTU mnemonic, "S" stands for Severity, which refers to the intensity or seriousness of the symptoms experienced by the patient. This is crucial in assessing the impact of the problem on the patient's health and well-being. Incorrect choices: A: Swelling - Swelling is a physical symptom and does not encompass all aspects of the patient's perception. B: Subjectivity - While the patient's subjective experience is important, it does not specifically refer to severity. D: Symptoms - While symptoms are part of the patient's perception, the "S" in PQRSTU specifically focuses on the severity of those symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer antibiotics. In sepsis, timely administration of antibiotics is crucial to combat the underlying infection. Antibiotics target the bacteria causing the sepsis, helping to prevent further spread and worsening of the condition. Administering IV fluids (choice A) is important to maintain blood pressure, but antibiotics take precedence in treating the infection. Providing fluids (choice C) is also important but not the priority over antibiotics. Administering oxygen (choice D) may be necessary for respiratory support in severe cases of sepsis, but it does not address the root cause of the condition like antibiotics do.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hold the breath for at least 5 seconds after inhaling the medication. Holding the breath after inhaling the medication allows for better absorption of the medication into the lungs. This helps ensure the medication reaches the target area for optimal effectiveness. Exhaling deeply before using the inhaler (Choice A) is not necessary and can actually reduce the amount of medication reaching the lungs. Using the inhaler only when asthma symptoms are severe (Choice B) is not recommended as it is important to use the inhaler as prescribed by the healthcare provider. Inhaling deeply while activating the inhaler (Choice C) is important, but holding the breath after inhaling the medication is crucial for optimal medication delivery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the dull sound over the ribs is a normal finding due to the presence of underlying solid structures such as the liver or spleen. Repositioning the hands or using more force is unnecessary as it won't change the nature of the sound. Referring the patient for additional investigation (choice D) is not warranted as this finding is commonly expected during percussion over the ribs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Sodium restriction helps prevent fluid retention and high blood pressure in CKD. 2. Limiting sodium intake is crucial in managing CKD-related complications. 3. Excess sodium can worsen fluid retention and strain the kidneys. 4. Proper understanding of sodium limitation shows patient's grasp of CKD management. Incorrect Choices: B. Increasing fluid intake can worsen fluid retention in CKD patients. C. Excessive protein intake can burden the kidneys in CKD. D. High potassium levels in CKD can lead to dangerous heart rhythm abnormalities.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Advise the patient to sleep with the head of the bed elevated. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep, reducing GERD symptoms. This position also promotes better digestion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because encouraging large meals before bedtime can worsen GERD symptoms, drinking caffeinated beverages can trigger acid reflux, and avoiding antacids can lead to inadequate symptom management.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reactions to previous hospitalizations. Before any medical procedure, it is crucial to gather information about the child's previous reactions to hospitalizations to ensure the safety and well-being of the child during the tonsil removal. This information helps healthcare providers anticipate and prevent potential complications based on past experiences. A: The child's birth weight is irrelevant to the tonsil removal procedure and does not impact the current situation. B: The age at which he started to crawl is not relevant to the tonsil removal procedure and does not provide any useful information for the medical staff. C: Whether he has had the measles is not directly related to the tonsil removal procedure and does not influence the immediate care needed for the child.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because stopping medication without doctor's approval can be harmful. Step 1: Explain the importance of adhering to medication schedule in liver disease management. Step 2: Emphasize that feeling better doesn't mean the disease is cured. Step 3: Highlight potential consequences of stopping medication prematurely. Other choices are correct: A: Avoiding alcohol is essential. B: Following medication schedule is important. D: Maintaining a healthy diet supports liver function.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the Set Test typically involves naming 10 items based on specific categories, such as those in the FACT acronym (Fruit, Animal, Color, and Town). The nurse should inform Mr. C. that he can complete the task without any hurry, which helps reduce stress and allows him to focus on recalling the items. This approach aligns with the standard administration procedure of the Set Test, promoting a relaxed and supportive environment for the patient. Choice A is incorrect because the nurse should not offer direct assistance or mention availability to help unless Mr. C. explicitly requests it. Choice C is incorrect as prompting the patient's memory may interfere with the natural cognitive process being assessed. Choice D is incorrect because imposing a time limit can induce unnecessary pressure and potentially affect the accuracy of the results.