ATI RN
Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When treating an adult patient for a mild allergic reaction, with no respiratory distress or dyspnea, which medication is routinely administered either IM or IV for the treatment of an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Diphenhydramine. In mild allergic reactions without respiratory distress, antihistamines like diphenhydramine are commonly administered to relieve symptoms such as itching, hives, and swelling. Diphenhydramine works by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions. Epinephrine (choice A) is typically reserved for severe allergic reactions with respiratory distress. Methylprednisolone (choice B) is a corticosteroid used for more severe allergic reactions or inflammation. Albuterol (choice C) is a bronchodilator used for asthma or respiratory distress, not typically indicated for mild allergic reactions.
Question 2 of 5
When forced to deal with a fire, which type of fire extinguisher would be most effective for suppressing ordinary combustible material that smells like gasoline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Type B fire extinguisher. Gasoline falls under Class B fires, involving flammable liquids such as gasoline. Type B fire extinguishers are specifically designed to suppress fires involving flammable liquids and gases. They typically contain dry chemical agents like sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate, which work by smothering the fire and interrupting the chemical reaction. A: ABC all-purpose fire extinguisher is suitable for multiple types of fires but may not be as effective for Class B fires involving flammable liquids like gasoline. C: Class C fire extinguisher is designed for electrical fires, not for fires involving flammable liquids. D: Type A fire extinguisher is not a standard classification and does not exist in fire extinguisher ratings.
Question 3 of 5
If the city council in your area enacts a law concerning the classification of first responders, what type of law allows this to occur in the US?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Legislative law. In the US, legislative law refers to laws created by the legislative branch, such as city councils. When the city council enacts a law, it falls under legislative law as they have the authority to create laws at the local level. Civil law relates to disputes between individuals, administrative law deals with regulations set by government agencies, and common law is based on judicial decisions rather than statutes. Therefore, B is correct as it specifically pertains to laws created by legislative bodies like city councils.
Question 4 of 5
You are called to assist a 44-year-old male who was struck in the head with a large socket wrench at work. On arrival, the patient is conscious but confused; he complains he developed a sudden-onset severe headache moments after a wrench slipped off under pressure striking him in the temporal region of the skull. Co-workers state he was unconscious with abnormal posturing for about three minutes prior to EMS arrival. He states the headache went from the worst headache of his life to a dull throbbing headache and new-onset dizziness and nausea. His pupils are unequal with the right eye sluggish to respond while his grips remain equal but weak. As you continue your evaluation, he suddenly develops projectile vomiting and loses consciousness. Which of the following injuries is most likely to cause his presentation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epidural hematoma. In this case, the patient experienced a history of head trauma with a lucid interval followed by a rapid deterioration of symptoms, including severe headache, dizziness, nausea, unequal pupil response, weakness, and vomiting leading to unconsciousness. These signs are indicative of an epidural hematoma, which is typically caused by arterial bleeding between the dura mater and the skull following a traumatic head injury. The classic presentation of a lucid interval followed by a rapid decline in neurological status is a key feature of epidural hematoma. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: Subdural hematoma - Typically presents with a slower onset of symptoms and is more common in elderly patients or those with a history of alcohol abuse. C: Subarachnoid hematoma - Usually presents with a sudden severe headache, often described as a thunderclap headache, and is associated with a history of sudden exertion or str
Question 5 of 5
The human body regulates homeostasis by communicating at the cellular level through the nervous and endocrine systems. Which of the following is responsible for serving as the command and control center for linking the systems together?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus serves as the command and control center for linking the nervous and endocrine systems. It regulates body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other vital functions. Rationale: 1. The hypothalamus is located in the brain and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating hormone secretion from the pituitary gland. 2. It receives input from the nervous system and sends signals to the pituitary gland to release hormones that control various bodily functions. 3. The hypothalamus also controls the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary processes such as heart rate and digestion. 4. The adrenal gland (B), thyroid gland (C), and pituitary gland (D) are important components of the endocrine system, but they do not serve as the central command center for linking the nervous and endocrine systems together.