ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
When treating a patient with asthma who is experiencing acute wheezing, which medication should be given to relieve the symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Short acting bronchodilator. During an acute asthma attack, a short-acting bronchodilator (such as albuterol) is the preferred medication to relieve symptoms quickly by dilating the airways. This medication acts rapidly to open up the airways and provide immediate relief of wheezing and shortness of breath. Long-acting bronchodilators (choice B) are not recommended for acute symptom relief. Inhaled corticosteroids (choice C) are used for long-term control of asthma symptoms and not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Combining methylxanthine and long-acting bronchodilator (choice D) is not the standard treatment for acute wheezing in asthma.
Question 2 of 5
A 29-year-old computer programmer comes to the office for evaluation of a headache. The tightening sensation of moderate intensity is located all over the head. It used to last minutes, but this time it has lasted for 5 days. He denies photophobia and nausea. He spends several hours at a computer monitor/keyboard. He has tried over-the-counter medication; it has dulled the pain, but not taken it away. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tension headache. The key features in the scenario are the bilateral location of the headache, duration of 5 days, absence of nausea and photophobia, and the patient's occupation as a computer programmer. Tension headaches are typically bilateral, mild to moderate in intensity, and often related to stress, posture, and prolonged screen time. The fact that over-the-counter medication only dulled the pain supports the diagnosis of tension headache. Summary of other choices: A: Cluster headaches typically have a unilateral location, severe intensity, and are associated with autonomic symptoms like tearing of the eye. B: Analgesic rebound headaches occur due to overuse of pain medications, leading to worsening of headaches when the medication wears off. D: Migraine headaches often present with unilateral throbbing pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound, which are not present in this case.
Question 3 of 5
Why is it important to inquire about the age of the first period when taking a sexual history from female patients?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because knowing the age of the first period can give insight into the patient's reproductive health and potential risks. Early or late onset of menstruation can be indicators of hormonal imbalances, reproductive disorders, or potential fertility issues. This information is crucial for assessing the patient's overall gynecological health and guiding appropriate interventions. Choice A is incorrect because the age of the first period is not directly related to determining the patient's current level of physical fitness. Choice C is incorrect because the age of the first period does not indicate the patient's dietary habits. Choice D is incorrect because the age of the first period is relevant to sexual health assessments as it provides valuable information about the patient's reproductive health.
Question 4 of 5
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of X-rays, and in what year did this discovery occur?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. Roentgen discovered X-rays by accident while experimenting with cathode rays. He noticed a glow from a nearby screen even though it was covered, leading to the discovery of X-rays. Marie Curie is known for her work on radioactivity, not X-rays. Thomas Edison is famous for inventing the light bulb and phonograph, not X-rays. Albert Einstein is known for his work on the theory of relativity, not the discovery of X-rays.
Question 5 of 5
Upon arriving at a scene where a patient has been involved in a minor car accident, she reports feeling faint and states that she has a history of diabetes. Given this information, what is the primary concern that the patient is expressing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Her blood sugar levels are likely unstable. Given the patient's history of diabetes and feeling faint after a minor car accident, the primary concern is hypoglycemia, which can occur due to stress or delayed food intake. Symptoms may include feeling faint, weakness, and confusion. It is important to address this immediately as untreated hypoglycemia can lead to serious complications. Choice B is incorrect as a headache is not typically a primary concern for a diabetic patient feeling faint. Choice C is incorrect as hypertension is not directly related to the symptoms described. Choice D is incorrect as nausea is not a typical symptom of hypoglycemia in this context. It is crucial to focus on the patient's diabetic history and potential hypoglycemia in this scenario.