When there is failure to supervise a child adequately, especially in children younger than 12, the kind of child abuse is, which of the following?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neglect. Failure to supervise a child adequately falls under the category of neglect, which is the failure to provide for a child's basic needs such as supervision, food, shelter, and medical care. In this scenario, the lack of proper supervision constitutes neglect as it puts the child at risk of harm or danger. Emotional abuse (A) involves harming a child's emotional well-being through actions like verbal abuse. Sexual abuse (C) involves inappropriate sexual behavior towards a child. Physical abuse (D) involves causing physical harm or injury to a child. In this case, the failure to supervise the child adequately is best categorized as neglect, making choice B the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the death of a spouse, child, or death by suicide are all significant losses that can lead to complicated grief due to the intensity of emotions and the disruption of daily life. These experiences can result in prolonged and severe grieving processes that may require professional intervention. Explanation for other choices: A: Childbirth, marriage, and divorce are not typically considered risk factors for complicated grief as they are more commonly associated with expected life events that may involve grief but not necessarily lead to complicated grief. C: Inadequate perception of the grieving process may contribute to difficulties in coping with grief but is not a direct risk factor for complicated grief. D: While inadequate support can impact the grieving process, and old age may present unique challenges, they are not specific risk factors for complicated grief compared to the profound loss experienced in choice B.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Identify and count cases. In the initial stages of an outbreak investigation, it is crucial to identify and count cases to understand the scope and magnitude of the outbreak. By counting cases, Nurse Rona and her team can track the spread of the disease, identify common characteristics among those affected, and determine the extent of the outbreak. This step helps in guiding further investigation and control measures. Summary of other choices: B: Define and identify cases - While defining cases is important, it is not the initial step in outbreak investigation. C: Verify diagnosis - Verifying diagnosis is important but comes after identifying and counting cases. D: Prepare for field work - Field work is important in outbreak investigations, but it typically comes after the initial step of identifying and counting cases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anterior uveitis. This condition presents with redness, pain, and photophobia due to inflammation of the uveal tract. Ciliary injection, corneal edema, and mid-dilated pupil with fixed reaction to light are classic signs of anterior uveitis. The other choices can be ruled out based on specific findings: B: Acute angle-closure glaucoma would present with a high intraocular pressure, not fixed dilated pupil. C: Endophthalmitis typically presents with severe pain, hypopyon, and vitreous inflammation. D: Corneal abrasion would not cause ciliary injection or fixed dilated pupil.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Temporal lobe. Memory and learning are primarily associated with the temporal lobe, specifically the hippocampus. Damage to this area due to stroke can lead to memory loss and impaired learning capacity. Frontal lobe (A) is involved in decision-making and problem-solving. Parietal lobe (B) is responsible for sensory processing. Occipital lobe (C) is related to visual processing. Therefore, the temporal lobe is the most likely site of brain damage in this scenario based on the symptoms presented.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assess the severity of the reaction. This should be the first action taken because it helps determine the urgency of the situation and guides subsequent steps. Assessing the severity allows for appropriate intervention - from calling emergency services if the reaction is severe, to administering medication if necessary. A: Administering an epinephrine auto-injector should only be done if the severity of the reaction warrants it, as it is a potent medication that can have serious side effects if used inappropriately. B: Positioning the person comfortably is important, but assessing the severity of the reaction takes precedence to ensure prompt and appropriate care. C: Monitoring vital signs is important, but assessing the severity of the reaction is crucial in determining the immediate course of action.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bronchodilator therapy. Bronchodilators help to relax and open up the airways, which can improve airflow and reduce symptoms such as cough, sputum production, and dyspnea in patients with chronic bronchitis. This intervention can help manage the patient's symptoms and improve their quality of life by making it easier for them to breathe. A: Smoking cessation counseling is important for overall management of chronic bronchitis, but it does not directly address the patient's current symptoms. B: Oral antibiotic therapy may be indicated if there is evidence of a bacterial infection, but it is not the first-line treatment for managing chronic bronchitis symptoms. C: Home oxygen therapy may be necessary for patients with severe hypoxemia, but it is not typically the first intervention for managing symptoms of chronic bronchitis without evidence of significant oxygen desaturation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: second. In qualitative research, the nurse researcher typically uses the second person as a reference in the write-up to maintain objectivity and convey findings accurately. Using "first" may introduce bias, "fourth" is irrelevant, and "third" is too far removed from the perspective of the researcher. By referencing the second person, the researcher can present the results in a clear and unbiased manner, enhancing the credibility of the study.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing action in this situation is to notify the healthcare provider immediately. The client presenting with persistent, severe perineal pain and swelling, along with ecchymosis and tenderness of the perineum, could be indicative of complications such as a perineal hematoma. A perineal hematoma is a collection of blood in the perineal tissues and can be a serious postpartum complication requiring prompt medical attention. Therefore, it is crucial to alert the healthcare provider so that appropriate assessment, management, and treatment can be initiated promptly. Applying ice packs or encouraging the client to sit on a donut cushion may not be sufficient in this situation, and administering additional analgesic medication should be done only after the healthcare provider has assessed and determined the cause of the symptoms.