When the patient asks what the purpose of goniometry is, the nurse replies that goniometry measures:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Goniometry is a clinical tool used to assess joint mobility, specifically the extent to which a joint can move through its normal range. This measurement is critical in evaluating conditions affecting joints, such as arthritis or post-injury stiffness, and in tracking rehabilitation progress. Bone strength relates more to density and structural integrity, typically assessed via imaging like a DEXA scan, not goniometry. Muscle density isn't a standard metric in this context and is unrelated to joint angles. Muscle strength, while important, is measured through manual testing or dynamometry, not by gauging joint movement. Range of motion is the precise focus of goniometry, as it quantifies the degrees of flexion, extension, or rotation, providing objective data for treatment planning. The other options misalign with the tool's purpose, which is rooted in joint function rather than bone or muscle properties.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Calcium-rich foods are vital for osteoporosis prevention, and dairy like milk is a primary source, alongside certain fish like salmon, which contains bones rich in calcium when grilled or canned. Green beans add nutrients but little calcium. This combo maximizes intake effectively. Hamburger with milk offers calcium from milk, but the patty and chips contribute minimally. Chicken and salad with fruit punch lack significant calcium, as punch isn't a source. The BLT with milk provides calcium from milk, but bacon and tomatoes don't add much. Salmon and milk together demonstrate a stronger understanding of boosting calcium through diverse, potent sources, aligning with bone health goals.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Post-carpal tunnel surgery, normal recovery includes some swelling and pain, but a capillary refill of 8 seconds far beyond the normal 2-3 seconds signals impaired circulation, possibly from tight dressings or hematoma, demanding urgent action to prevent tissue damage. Swollen, warm fingers are expected initially and monitored, not immediately alarming. Pain is typical post-op and managed with medication. Rosy fingers suggest good blood flow, not a problem. Delayed refill stands out as a critical vascular issue, requiring prompt intervention like loosening bandages or notifying the surgeon to restore perfusion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The origin of a muscle is the point where its tendon attaches to a stationary bone, providing a stable base for movement, as opposed to the insertion, which attaches to the movable bone. For example, in the biceps brachii, the origin is on the scapula (stationary), while the insertion is on the radius (movable). Fixators are muscles that stabilize, not attachment points. The rotator (musculotendinous) cuff is a group of shoulder muscles, not a single attachment site. Deep describes depth, not a structural feature. The origin is a key anatomical term distinguishing the fixed end of a muscle, making it the correct choice, as it aligns with the definition of a stationary attachment in contrast to the dynamic insertion point.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The origin is the muscle's tendon attachment to a stationary bone, while the insertion attaches to a movable bone, allowing movement when the muscle contracts. For instance, in the quadriceps, the origin is on the pelvis (stationary), and the insertion is on the tibia (movable), enabling knee extension. Origin, action and insertion, action misdefine the second term, as action is the movement, not an attachment. Insertion, origin reverses the correct order. Origin, insertion accurately reflects anatomical convention, making it the correct choice, as it defines the fixed and mobile ends critical to muscle function and motion.