ATI RN
Contemporary Issues in Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 9
When the client is unable to make medical decisions for himself or herself, authorization that allows another person to make these decisions is called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: durable power of attorney. This legal document grants authority to another person, known as the healthcare proxy or agent, to make medical decisions on behalf of the client when they are unable to do so themselves. This is essential for ensuring that the client's wishes are respected and that appropriate medical care is provided. A: A living will is a document that outlines a person's preferences for medical treatment in case they become incapacitated, but it does not appoint someone to make decisions on their behalf. C: Informed consent is the process of ensuring that a patient understands the risks and benefits of a medical treatment before giving consent, but it does not authorize someone to make decisions on their behalf. D: Immunity refers to protection from legal liability and is not relevant to authorizing someone to make medical decisions for a client.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse who was recently certified in chemotherapy administration fails to check compatibility of phenytoin (Dilantin) before injecting into a continuous infusion of D W leading to occlusion of the line. Which statement by the nurse demonstrates a red herring?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is a red herring statement that distracts from the main issue. Phenytoin is not known to be viscous enough to cause line occlusion. Step 1: Identify the issue - failure to check compatibility. Step 2: A, B, and C address the issue directly or indirectly, while D deflects blame to the drug's viscosity. Step 3: A acknowledges the mistake, B deflects by attacking the supervisor, and C blames the IV setup. In summary, D is incorrect as it diverts attention from the main issue, making it a red herring.
Question 3 of 9
Which item below correctly describes the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predictions by 2020?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the job growth rate for RNs will surpass job growth in all other occupations by 2020. This is supported by the increasing demand for healthcare services due to an aging population and advancements in medical technology. Choice A is incorrect as the need for registered nurses is expected to continue due to the complexity of patient care. Choice C is incorrect as the need for hospital nurses is projected to increase, not decrease. Choice D is incorrect as many hospitals still struggle to achieve the required RN workforce due to various factors like turnover and retention issues.
Question 4 of 9
Organizations measure the effectiveness of their budgets by examining actual revenues and expenditures versus:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: planned variances. Organizations compare actual revenues and expenditures to planned variances to measure budget effectiveness. Planned variances show the differences between the budgeted amounts and the actual results, highlighting areas of over or underperformance. This analysis helps organizations identify reasons for deviations and adjust future budgets accordingly. Explanation for other choices: B: Incremental budgets focus on adjusting previous budgets by a fixed amount, not on comparing actual versus planned amounts. C: Productivity metrics measure the efficiency of resources used, not specifically related to budget effectiveness. D: Expected performance is a vague term that does not directly address comparing actual versus planned financial data.
Question 5 of 9
Historically, what movement most influenced unionization in American health care agencies/hospitals?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The Industrial Revolution introduced poor working conditions in factories, which extended to hospitals. Step 2: Poor conditions in hospitals led to the need to protect healthcare workers, sparking unionization. Step 3: This movement influenced the unionization in American health care agencies and hospitals. Step 4: As a result, choice C is the correct answer. Summary: Choice A is incorrect as immigration laws did not directly influence the unionization movement in American healthcare. Choice B is incorrect as women entering the workforce, while significant, did not have the most influence on healthcare unionization. Choice D is incorrect as the exposure to diseases among nurses, while important, did not drive the overall movement for worker protection in healthcare during that time.
Question 6 of 9
A nurse is concerned about the risk of delegating tasks to licensed practical nurses and unlicensed assistive personnel. What is the best way for the nurse to determine competency of an inexperienced delegatee?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. By actually observing the delegatee perform the assigned task, the nurse can directly assess the competency of the delegatee in real-time. This allows the nurse to evaluate the delegatee's skills, knowledge, and adherence to protocols. Asking the delegatee how many times they have performed the task (B) may not accurately reflect their competency level. Asking the patient if the care provided was satisfactory (C) may not provide an objective assessment of the delegatee's competency. Asking other nurses if they feel the delegatee is competent (D) introduces bias and may not reflect the delegatee's actual abilities.
Question 7 of 9
Consumers are concerned with security issues related to their confidential health information being placed in an electronic health record (EHR). However, when the security of the EHR is compared with that of paper-and-pencil records, the EHR is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: more secure. Electronic Health Records (EHR) typically have built-in security features such as encryption, access controls, and audit trails, making it more secure than paper-and-pencil records. EHRs offer better protection against unauthorized access, tampering, and loss compared to traditional paper records. This is due to the ability to restrict access to specific users, track changes made to the records, and implement authentication measures. Therefore, the security of EHRs surpasses that of paper-and-pencil records. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not acknowledge the enhanced security measures and advantages that EHRs provide over traditional paper records.
Question 8 of 9
When the client is unable to make medical decisions for himself or herself, authorization that allows another person to make these decisions is called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: durable power of attorney. This legal document grants authority to another person, known as the healthcare proxy or agent, to make medical decisions on behalf of the client when they are unable to do so themselves. This is essential for ensuring that the client's wishes are respected and that appropriate medical care is provided. A: A living will is a document that outlines a person's preferences for medical treatment in case they become incapacitated, but it does not appoint someone to make decisions on their behalf. C: Informed consent is the process of ensuring that a patient understands the risks and benefits of a medical treatment before giving consent, but it does not authorize someone to make decisions on their behalf. D: Immunity refers to protection from legal liability and is not relevant to authorizing someone to make medical decisions for a client.
Question 9 of 9
An Asian teenager is admitted with an eating disorder which she contributes to by not meeting the academic expectations of her parents. The nurse is overheard saying, "That isn't the reason; all Asians are really smart." This nurse is demonstrating:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: stereotyping. The nurse is making a generalization about an entire group based on a perceived characteristic. This statement is not only inaccurate but also perpetuates harmful stereotypes. Cultural humility (A) involves recognizing and respecting the differences and complexities of various cultures. Cultural assimilation (C) refers to adopting the cultural norms of a dominant group, which is not applicable in this scenario. Acculturation (D) is the process of adapting to a new culture, which is also not relevant to the nurse's statement. Stereotyping is the most appropriate choice as it directly addresses the nurse's biased and inaccurate assumption about intelligence based on race.