When the body is exposed to an allergen what substance is released?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Exposure to allergen triggers immune response. 2. Mast cells release histamine in response to allergen. 3. Histamine causes allergy symptoms like itching, sneezing. 4. Lymph doesn't directly respond to allergens. 5. Hormones and platelets are not primary mediators of allergic reactions. Summary: Histamine is released in response to allergens by mast cells, causing allergy symptoms. Lymph, hormones, and platelets are not directly involved in allergic reactions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acceptance. In the stages of dying proposed by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, acceptance is the final stage. This stage involves coming to terms with one's mortality and finding peace with the situation. It signifies a readiness to die without fear or resistance. In contrast, denial (choice C) involves refusing to accept the reality of impending death, while depression (choice B) typically occurs after denial when the person starts to feel sad about their situation. Choice A is not a stage in the Kubler-Ross model and does not align with the progression of emotions in facing death.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of basic nursing care needs of the patient, the correct classification for Sara Thomas's scheduled liposuction surgery to reduce weight is "elective" (Option B). An elective surgery is a planned procedure that is beneficial for the patient's health but can be scheduled in advance without posing an immediate threat to the patient's life. The other options can be explained as follows: - Urgent (Option A): Urgent surgeries are necessary for the patient's health but do not require immediate intervention. They are typically scheduled within a short timeframe, but they are not considered emergencies. - Emergency (Option C): Emergency surgeries are critical, life-saving procedures that must be performed immediately to prevent serious harm or death to the patient. Liposuction for weight reduction is not considered an emergency procedure. - Emergent (Option D): Emergent surgeries are similar to emergency surgeries in that they are urgent and must be performed promptly to prevent harm to the patient. However, they may allow for slightly more time for preparation compared to true emergencies. In an educational context, understanding the classification of surgeries is crucial for healthcare providers to prioritize and plan patient care effectively. Nurses must be able to differentiate between elective, urgent, emergency, and emergent surgeries to assist in providing safe and efficient care to patients undergoing various procedures. This knowledge helps in managing resources, scheduling, and communicating effectively with patients and their families regarding the timing and nature of surgical interventions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of basic nursing care needs, deep-breathing exercises are crucial postoperatively to prevent complications like atelectasis. Option D, asking the patient to hold their breath for 3 to 5 seconds, is the correct step in this procedure. This technique helps to fully expand the lungs, improving ventilation and oxygenation. Option A is incorrect because placing the patient in a prone position is not conducive to effective deep-breathing exercises. Option B is incorrect as feeling the chest rise does not necessarily ensure proper lung expansion. Option C is also incorrect as rapid exhalation and inhalation can lead to hyperventilation rather than deep breathing. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the rationale behind deep-breathing exercises to provide optimal postoperative care. By explaining the correct technique and the reasons why other options are incorrect, nurses can ensure patient safety and recovery. Training in proper techniques for postoperative care is essential for nurses to provide holistic patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "No, douching removes normal bacteria," is the correct choice. Douching disrupts the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, leading to the removal of both harmful and beneficial bacteria. This can increase the risk of infections, including bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections. Option A, "Yes, this helps prevent vaginal odor," is incorrect because douching can actually disrupt the natural vaginal flora, leading to an imbalance that may increase odor and the risk of infections. Option B, "Yes, this decreases vaginal secretions," is incorrect because douching does not have a significant impact on vaginal secretions. In fact, it can disturb the normal moisture levels in the vagina, leading to dryness or increased secretions as a result of the body's attempt to rebalance itself. Option D, "No, douching may increase secretions," is incorrect as douching is more likely to disrupt the natural balance of vaginal secretions rather than decrease or increase them in a healthy manner. From an educational perspective, it is important for nurses to understand the potential risks associated with douching and to educate patients on maintaining vaginal health through proper hygiene practices that support the body's natural processes. Providing evidence-based information empowers patients to make informed decisions regarding their health and well-being.