When teaching the parents of a child who has a new prescription for Desipramine, which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents is the priority to report to the provider?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The priority adverse effect to report when a child is taking Desipramine is suicidal thoughts. Desipramine can lead to an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The nurse should emphasize to the parents the importance of monitoring the child for any signs of worsening depression or suicidal ideation. Prompt reporting of such symptoms can help prevent harm to the child.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include is to advise the client to take Levodopa/Carbidopa with food. This recommendation helps reduce gastrointestinal side effects commonly associated with this medication. Food can help minimize nausea and other stomach-related issues that may occur when taking Levodopa/Carbidopa.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of a client receiving IV Dopamine for shock treatment, increased urine output (Option C) is the most indicative finding that the medication is effective. Dopamine is a vasopressor medication that works by increasing cardiac output and improving renal perfusion. The increase in urine output signifies improved renal blood flow and function, reflecting the medication's desired hemodynamic effect. Decreased blood pressure (Option B) would be an expected initial response to IV Dopamine due to its vasopressor effects, but solely relying on this parameter may not indicate the medication's overall effectiveness in treating shock. Increased heart rate (Option A) may occur as a compensatory mechanism in response to shock but is not a direct indicator of Dopamine's effectiveness. Decreased respiratory rate (Option D) is not directly related to the therapeutic action of Dopamine in treating shock. Monitoring respiratory rate is crucial for assessing respiratory function but is not a primary indicator of Dopamine's effectiveness in this context. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind monitoring urine output in clients receiving vasopressor therapy like Dopamine is essential in pharmacology. It reinforces the link between medication actions, physiological responses, and clinical monitoring, enhancing patient care and safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, the administration of medications requires adherence to specific guidelines to ensure patient safety and efficacy. In the case of Hydromorphone IV administration, the correct action is to administer the medication over 5 minutes (Option A). This is crucial because rapid IV administration of Hydromorphone can lead to serious adverse effects such as respiratory depression and hypotension. Administering the medication slowly allows for better control of its effects and reduces the risk of complications. Option B, administering Naloxone prior to Hydromorphone, is incorrect because Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose, not as a pre-treatment for opioid administration. Administering Naloxone without a specific indication can lead to unnecessary side effects. Option C, assessing the client's blood pressure prior to administration, is important in general patient care but is not directly related to the safe administration of Hydromorphone. While monitoring vital signs is essential, it is not the primary action to take before administering this medication. Option D, injecting the medication into the client's subcutaneous tissue, is incorrect because Hydromorphone is specifically indicated for IV administration due to its rapid onset of action. Injecting it subcutaneously would delay its effects and potentially lead to inadequate pain relief. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the specific administration guidelines for different medications to ensure patient safety and optimal therapeutic outcomes. It reinforces the significance of proper drug administration techniques and the rationale behind them to prevent medication errors and adverse effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pressing on the nasolacrimal duct, located near the inner corner of the eye, blocks the lacrimal punctum and prevents the medication from entering the systemic circulation. This technique helps to ensure the medication stays localized in the eye, enhancing its therapeutic effect while minimizing systemic side effects.