ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching the older adult about nutritional needs during aging, what does the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because as individuals age, their metabolism slows down, leading to a decreased need for calories. However, the need for protein remains the same or slightly increases to support muscle mass maintenance and repair. Option A is incorrect because nutrient needs do not decrease with aging. Option C is incorrect as reducing carbohydrates and protein while increasing vitamins and minerals is not recommended. Option D is incorrect as high-calorie supplements are not necessary for all older adults and should not be used as a general recommendation.
Question 2 of 5
What does the nurse include when teaching a patient with newly diagnosed peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it promotes individualized dietary adjustments based on the patient's symptoms. By eating as normally as possible and eliminating foods that cause pain or discomfort, the patient can identify trigger foods. A bland diet (choice A) may not be necessary for all patients with peptic ulcer disease. Moderating alcohol and caffeine (choice B) is generally advised but not the top priority in dietary education. Avoiding milk and dairy (choice D) is not a standard recommendation unless the patient specifically experiences worsened symptoms with these products.
Question 3 of 5
Priority Decision: When caring for a patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), what is most important for the nurse to do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Building a trusting relationship is crucial for patients with IBS to provide emotional support. 2. Trust enables effective communication and understanding of the patient's symptoms. 3. Trust fosters adherence to treatment plans and promotes better outcomes. 4. Symptomatic care helps manage IBS symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect because IBS is a real medical condition, not just psychogenic. - Choice C is incorrect as fiber intake may worsen symptoms for some IBS patients. - Choice D is incorrect because medication effectiveness varies, and not all patients may benefit.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse plans teaching for the patient with a colostomy but the patient refuses to look at the nurse or the stoma, stating, 'I just can't see myself with this thing.' What is the best nursing intervention for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the patient to share concerns and ask questions. This option promotes therapeutic communication and allows the patient to express their fears and anxieties, which can help in addressing their concerns and building trust. By encouraging the patient to share their feelings, the nurse can provide emotional support and offer appropriate education tailored to the patient's needs. This approach empowers the patient to take an active role in their care and decision-making process. Summary: - Option B (Refer the patient to a chaplain): While spiritual support can be beneficial, in this case, the patient's immediate need is to address their concerns about the colostomy. - Option C (Explain that there is nothing the patient can do about it): This response is dismissive and not empowering for the patient, undermining their ability to cope effectively. - Option D (Tell the patient that learning about it will prevent issues): While education is important, forcing information on the patient without addressing their emotional needs may result in
Question 5 of 5
During the incubation period of viral hepatitis, what should the nurse expect the patient to report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anorexia and right upper quadrant discomfort. During the incubation period of viral hepatitis, the virus is replicating in the liver without causing noticeable symptoms. Anorexia and right upper quadrant discomfort are common early symptoms due to liver inflammation. Pruritus and malaise (Choice A) typically occur during the symptomatic phase. Dark urine and easy fatigability (Choice B) are more indicative of liver damage during the acute phase. Constipation or diarrhea with light-colored stools (Choice D) are not specific to the incubation period of viral hepatitis.