ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching parents of a school-age child about transdermal Methylphenidate, which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When administering transdermal Methylphenidate, the patch should be left on for 9 hours per day to ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness of the medication. This duration helps maintain a consistent level of the drug in the child's system. Incorrect options: A) Applying one patch once per day is not the correct dosing regimen for transdermal Methylphenidate. C) The patch should not be applied to the child's waistline as it is recommended to apply it to a clean, dry area. D) Using the opened tray within 6 months is not directly related to the administration of transdermal Methylphenidate.
Question 2 of 5
When reviewing a client's health record, a healthcare professional notes that the client is experiencing episodes of hypokalemia. Which of the following medications should be identified as a cause of the client's hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works in the ascending loop of Henle to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urinary excretion of these electrolytes, including potassium. This mechanism can cause hypokalemia, as potassium is also excreted in the urine alongside sodium and chloride. Option A) Captopril and B) Lisinopril are ACE inhibitors, which do not typically cause hypokalemia. Instead, they may lead to hyperkalemia by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which normally promotes potassium excretion. Option D) Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that actually helps retain potassium by antagonizing the aldosterone receptor in the distal tubule, thus reducing potassium excretion. In an educational context, understanding the mechanisms of action of different classes of medications is crucial for pharmacology students and healthcare professionals to make informed decisions regarding drug therapy and anticipate potential adverse effects like electrolyte imbalances. This knowledge is essential for safe medication administration and effective patient care.
Question 3 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Metoprolol to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting Metoprolol is to avoid sudden changes in position. Metoprolol can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness and falls if the client changes positions quickly. By advising the client to make position changes slowly, the nurse helps prevent these adverse effects and promotes safety.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Captopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to notify the provider if they develop a persistent cough. A persistent cough is a common adverse effect of Captopril and other ACE inhibitors. It is essential for the client to inform their healthcare provider promptly if this side effect occurs, as it may indicate a potentially serious issue that needs medical attention.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Ranitidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the appropriate administration and instructions for medications is crucial to ensure optimal therapeutic effects and patient safety. In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Take the medication at bedtime. Ranitidine is a histamine-2 blocker commonly prescribed to reduce stomach acid production and treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and ulcers. Taking it at bedtime is essential because stomach acid secretion is highest during the night, so administering the medication before bedtime helps control acid levels when they are most likely to cause issues. Option A) Take the medication with an antacid is incorrect because antacids can actually decrease the effectiveness of ranitidine by altering the pH balance in the stomach. Option B) Avoid drinking coffee while taking this medication is incorrect as coffee consumption does not have a direct interaction with ranitidine. However, caffeine can potentially aggravate acid reflux symptoms in some individuals. Option D) Stop the medication if you develop a headache is incorrect because a headache is not a common or severe side effect of ranitidine. It is important for the nurse to educate the client on common side effects to monitor and report, such as gastrointestinal disturbances or allergic reactions. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding medication administration schedules based on the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects of the drug. It also emphasizes the need for nurses to provide clear and accurate instructions to patients to promote medication adherence and safety.