ATI RN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching a patient who is receiving allopurinol, what should the nurse encourage the patient to do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Allopurinol is a medication used to manage gout and hyperuricemia by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in uric acid production. One of the rare but serious side effects of allopurinol is ocular toxicity, which can lead to cataracts or other vision problems. Therefore, patients on allopurinol should have annual eye examinations to monitor for any changes in vision. Additionally, while dietary modifications and vitamin C intake can influence uric acid levels, the most critical teaching point is the need for regular eye exams to ensure early detection and management of potential ocular side effects.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is receiving digoxin 0.25 mg/day as part of treatment for HF. The nurse assesses the patient before medication administration. Which assessment finding would be of most concern?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low serum potassium levels can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Hypokalemia can enhance the toxic effects of digoxin on the heart, leading to an increased risk of serious dysrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Therefore, a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L is the most concerning finding among the options listed for a patient receiving digoxin therapy for heart failure. This finding should be addressed promptly to prevent potential cardiac complications.
Question 3 of 5
Which drug classes are considered first-line treatment for heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has had an MI is taking a beta blocker. What is the main benefit of beta blocker therapy for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main benefit of beta blocker therapy for a patient who has had a myocardial infarction (MI) is the slowing of the heart rate. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, which results in a decrease in heart rate. By slowing the heart rate, beta blockers help reduce the workload of the heart and decrease oxygen demand, which is beneficial in patients post-MI. This can help improve the heart's efficiency, decrease the risk of arrhythmias, and improve outcomes in patients with a history of MI. Vasodilation of the coronary arteries (choice A) is not the main mechanism of action of beta blockers. Increased force of cardiac contraction (choice B) is not a desired effect post-MI as it can increase oxygen demand and potentially worsen the patient's condition. Maintaining adequate blood pressure (choice D) can be a secondary benefit of beta
Question 5 of 5
In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac glycoside, the nurse knows that which lab result can increase the toxicity of the drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low potassium levels, such as the potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L presented in choice A, can increase the toxicity of cardiac glycosides like digoxin. Hypokalemia can potentiate the effects of cardiac glycosides on the heart muscle, leading to an increased risk of cardiac toxicity and arrhythmias. Therefore, monitoring and correcting potassium levels before administering cardiac glycosides is essential to reduce the risk of adverse effects.