ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching a patient about weight reduction diets
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option D) a piece of cheese the size of three dice. This option is correct because it provides a tangible and visual representation of an appropriate serving size, which can help the patient better understand portion control. Using a familiar object like dice makes it easier for the patient to visualize and remember the recommended portion size for cheese. Option A) a 6-inch bagel is incorrect because bagels are often larger than necessary for a single serving and can contribute to excessive calorie intake. Option B) 1 cup of chopped vegetables is also incorrect as it does not specifically address portion sizes for foods that are higher in fat and calories, like cheese. Option C) a 6-inch bagel is incorrect as it may not accurately represent an appropriate portion size for cheese. From an educational perspective, it is essential to teach patients about appropriate portion sizes to help them make healthier food choices and manage their weight effectively. Providing practical examples and visual aids, like comparing portion sizes to everyday objects, can enhance patient understanding and retention of nutrition information. This approach can empower patients to make informed decisions about their dietary habits and support their overall health and well-being.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse identifies a need for additional teaching when a patient with acute infectious diarrhea makes which statement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "I may use over-the-counter Imodium or Parepectolin when I need to control the diarrhea," is the statement that indicates a need for additional teaching. This is because using anti-diarrheal medications like Imodium can be harmful in cases of infectious diarrhea as they can prolong the infection by trapping the infectious organism in the intestines. Option A, "I can use A&D ointment or Vaseline jelly around the anal area to protect my skin," is correct as it helps prevent skin irritation from frequent bowel movements. Option B, "Gatorade is a good liquid to drink because it replaces the fluid and salts I have lost," is a correct statement as it helps in rehydration by replacing lost fluids and electrolytes. Option D, "I must wash my hands after every bowel movement to prevent spreading the diarrhea to my family," is also correct as proper hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of infectious diarrhea. In an educational context, it's important to emphasize the appropriate management of infectious diarrhea, including the avoidance of anti-diarrheal medications unless prescribed by a healthcare provider. Teaching patients about proper fluid intake, hygiene practices, and skin protection is essential for effective self-care management of gastrointestinal disorders.
Question 3 of 5
A physician just told a patient that she has a volvulus. When the patient asks the nurse what this is, what is the best description for the nurse to give her?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is B) Twisting of bowel on itself. Explanation of the correct answer: A volvulus is a condition where a loop of the bowel twists on itself, leading to obstruction and potential ischemia of the affected segment. This twisting can compromise blood flow and cause severe complications if not promptly addressed with surgical intervention. Explanation of why the other options are incorrect: A) Bowel folding on itself - This option does not fully capture the dynamic nature of a volvulus, which involves twisting rather than simply folding. C) Emboli of arterial supply to the bowel - This describes a different condition known as mesenteric ischemia, where a blockage in an artery leads to compromised blood supply to the bowel. D) Protrusion of bowel in weak or abnormal opening - This describes a hernia, where a portion of the bowel protrudes through a weakened area in the abdominal wall, which is different from a volvulus. Educational context: Understanding gastrointestinal disorders like volvulus is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, as they play a vital role in patient education and support. Providing accurate information to patients about their condition helps alleviate anxiety, promotes informed decision-making, and enhances overall patient outcomes. This question reinforces the importance of knowing the specific characteristics of different gastrointestinal disorders to facilitate timely and appropriate interventions.
Question 4 of 5
Following a hemorrhoidectomy, what should the nurse advise the patient to do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After a hemorrhoidectomy, the nurse should advise the patient to take warm sitz baths several times a day to promote comfort and cleaning. This is the correct answer because warm sitz baths help reduce pain, inflammation, and promote healing by increasing blood flow to the area, keeping it clean, and soothing discomfort. Option A is incorrect as using daily laxatives can cause straining during bowel movements, which should be avoided after a hemorrhoidectomy to prevent complications and discomfort. Option B is incorrect because while ice packs can help reduce swelling, they are not the primary recommendation post-hemorrhoidectomy. Option C is incorrect as avoiding bowel movements can lead to constipation, which can worsen the condition and delay healing. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the appropriate postoperative care for patients undergoing a hemorrhoidectomy to ensure optimal recovery outcomes. Teaching patients the correct postoperative care, like taking sitz baths, is essential for managing their symptoms and preventing complications.
Question 5 of 5
What laboratory test results should the nurse expect to find in a patient with cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a patient with cirrhosis, the correct laboratory test result to expect is option B) Total bilirubin: 3.2 mg/dL (54.7 mmol/L). Elevated levels of total bilirubin are indicative of impaired liver function, as the liver is unable to properly metabolize and excrete bilirubin. This occurs in cirrhosis due to the liver's reduced ability to process bilirubin effectively. Option A) Serum albumin: 7.0 g/dL (70 g/L) is not typically elevated in cirrhosis; instead, it is often decreased due to impaired liver synthesis. Option C) Serum cholesterol: 260 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L) may be elevated in conditions like hyperlipidemia but is not a specific marker for cirrhosis. Option D) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 6.0 U/L (0.1 mkat/L) may be elevated in liver damage, but it is less specific for cirrhosis compared to elevated bilirubin levels. Educationally, understanding the significance of specific laboratory values in cirrhosis is crucial for nurses to assess and monitor patients effectively. Knowing the expected lab findings aids in early detection, appropriate intervention, and patient education regarding their condition. This knowledge enhances nurses' ability to provide optimal care and support for patients with gastrointestinal disorders like cirrhosis.