When teaching a client how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment for angina, which instruction should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In teaching a client how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment for angina, the nurse should include the instruction to remove the prior dose before applying a new one. This is the correct answer because nitroglycerin can cause tolerance to develop if used continuously without a break, so it is crucial to allow a nitrate-free period to prevent this tolerance. Option B, rubbing the ointment directly into the skin until it is no longer visible, is incorrect because nitroglycerin should be applied in a thin layer and should not be rubbed in excessively, as this can lead to variations in absorption and potential overdose. Option C, covering the applied ointment with a clean gauze pad, is also incorrect because covering the ointment can increase the rate of absorption, leading to a higher risk of adverse effects. Option D, applying the ointment to the same skin area each time, is incorrect because rotating application sites helps prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. Educationally, understanding the proper administration of nitroglycerin is crucial for managing angina effectively and avoiding potential complications. Reinforcing the importance of proper application techniques can help ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes for the client.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the client is experiencing a serious complication of heparin therapy, likely due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Protamine is the antidote for heparin and can reverse its anticoagulant effects. It is essential to administer protamine promptly to counteract the effects of heparin and manage the bleeding. Vitamin K1 is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin. Atropine is used to treat bradycardia or some types of poisoning. Calcium gluconate is used to manage hyperkalemia or calcium channel blocker toxicity, not to reverse heparin's effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct action when assessing a client receiving Filgrastim for chronic Neutropenia is to assess for bone pain. Bone pain is a known dose-related adverse effect of Filgrastim. Acetaminophen or opioid analgesics can be used to manage bone pain if necessary. Assessing for other types of pain, lung crackles, or heart murmurs would not be specific to the adverse effects of Filgrastim.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Take these medications with food. When educating a client about taking Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin for a peptic ulcer, it is crucial to advise taking these antibiotics with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and stomach upset. This instruction helps enhance medication tolerance and absorption while minimizing potential adverse effects. Option B) These medications can turn your stool black is incorrect because this side effect, known as black hairy tongue, is not commonly associated with these antibiotics. Option C) These medications can cause photosensitivity is incorrect as photosensitivity is not a common side effect of Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin. Option D) The purpose of these medications is to decrease the pH of gastric juices in the stomach is incorrect because these antibiotics are used to eradicate H. pylori bacteria, which contribute to peptic ulcers, rather than altering gastric pH. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide clear, accurate, and relevant information when teaching clients about their medications to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes and safe medication administration. Emphasizing the importance of taking antibiotics with food can help prevent potential adverse effects and enhance medication compliance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) I will need to get my blood drawn periodically while on this medication. Rationale: 1. Correct Answer: Regular blood tests are necessary when taking Etanercept to monitor for potential adverse effects like liver function abnormalities or decreased blood cell counts. This statement shows the client understands the importance of monitoring their health while on the medication. 2. Incorrect Answers: - B) I should stop taking this medication if I develop a rash: While skin reactions can occur with Etanercept, not all rashes indicate a need to discontinue the medication. This statement may lead to premature cessation of treatment. - C) I will need to limit my alcohol intake to no more than one drink per week: Alcohol restrictions are not typically associated with Etanercept use. This statement does not reflect specific requirements related to this medication. - D) I should self-administer this medication subcutaneously: This statement is correct as Etanercept is typically self-administered subcutaneously. However, it does not address the monitoring aspect highlighted in the question. Educational Context: Understanding the importance of monitoring parameters while on specific medications is crucial for patients to manage their conditions effectively. Regular blood tests can help healthcare providers assess the medication's efficacy and detect any potential complications early on. Patients should be educated on the specific monitoring requirements of medications to ensure optimal treatment outcomes.