ATI RN
Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching a 69-year-old patient about self-care, what will promote health (select all that apply)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and medical-surgical nursing, promoting health in a 69-year-old patient requires a comprehensive approach. In this scenario, demonstrating balancing techniques (Option D) is the most appropriate choice. As individuals age, they may experience a decline in balance which can lead to falls and injuries. By teaching balancing techniques, the patient can improve their stability and reduce the risk of falls, promoting overall health and well-being. Proper diet (Option A) is undoubtedly essential for health, but it is not the most pertinent option in this specific scenario. While a healthy diet is crucial for overall health, it may not directly address the specific needs of a 69-year-old patient in terms of balance and fall prevention. Immunizations (Option B) are crucial for preventing infectious diseases, but they do not directly address the self-care needs related to balance and fall prevention in this case. Teaching chair yoga (Option C) can be beneficial for improving flexibility, strength, and relaxation but may not be as directly relevant to addressing balance issues compared to demonstrating balancing techniques. In an educational context, it's important to tailor self-care instructions to the specific needs of each patient based on their age, health status, and individual challenges. By focusing on demonstrating balancing techniques for a senior patient, nurses can directly address a common issue in this population and empower patients to take proactive steps towards maintaining their health and independence.
Question 2 of 5
13. Priority Decision: While the nurse is obtaining a health history for a patient, the patient tells the nurse that he uses a number of herbs to maintain his health. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to address the patient’s use of these products?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pharmacology and medical-surgical nursing practice, it is crucial for nurses to have a working knowledge of commonly used herbs and dietary supplements. Option B is the correct answer because understanding these products allows the nurse to assess for potential interactions with prescribed medications, side effects, and overall impact on the patient's health. This knowledge empowers the nurse to provide comprehensive care and make informed decisions in collaboration with the healthcare team. Option A is not the best choice because simply asking the patient about the effects of the products may not provide accurate or detailed information, as patients may not always be fully aware of potential interactions or side effects. Option C is incorrect as it is important for the nurse to assess the safety and efficacy of herbal products in conjunction with conventional therapies rather than assuming they can be used together without potential consequences. Option D is also incorrect because while it is true that there is limited research on herbal products, simply warning the patient without providing further education or guidance does not address the issue effectively. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of holistic patient care, the need for nurses to be knowledgeable about herbal products, and the significance of assessing and managing the use of complementary therapies in the context of conventional medical treatments.
Question 3 of 5
19. Which herb may relieve anxiety but can cause hepatotoxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the interactions between herbs and medications. In this case, the correct answer is A) Kava. Kava is known for its anxiolytic properties, making it a potential option for relieving anxiety. However, it is associated with hepatotoxicity, which can be harmful to the liver. Ginseng (option B) is commonly used for its energy-boosting effects and is not typically linked to hepatotoxicity. Milk thistle (option C) is actually known for its hepatoprotective properties and is often used to support liver health. Ginkgo biloba (option D) is primarily used to improve cognitive function and is not specifically associated with hepatotoxicity. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the potential risks and benefits of herbal remedies, especially in relation to hepatotoxicity. Nursing students need to be aware of the side effects and contraindications of commonly used herbs to ensure safe and effective patient care. This knowledge is essential in providing holistic care and promoting patient safety in clinical practice.
Question 4 of 5
List at least three behaviors or practices that can contribute to insomnia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and medical-surgical nursing, understanding factors contributing to insomnia is crucial for patient care. The correct answer, option A, "Irregular sleep schedule," is a common behavioral factor leading to insomnia. Irregular sleep patterns disrupt the body's natural sleep-wake cycle, impacting the quality and duration of sleep. This can be exacerbated by rotating shifts or inconsistent bedtime routines. Option B, "Consumption of caffeine or alcohol," is incorrect but relevant. While caffeine and alcohol can disrupt sleep patterns, they are not the primary causes of insomnia. These substances can interfere with falling asleep but may not sustain insomnia over time unless consumed excessively or close to bedtime. Option C, "Excessive screen time before bed," is another incorrect choice. Blue light emitted from screens can impact melatonin production, making it harder to fall asleep. While excessive screen time before bed can contribute to poor sleep hygiene, it is not a direct cause of chronic insomnia. Option D, "Provide enough positive pressure in the airway to prevent airway collapse," is unrelated to behaviors contributing to insomnia. This option seems to refer to a treatment strategy for sleep apnea rather than a behavior leading to insomnia. Educationally, understanding these behavioral factors contributing to insomnia is essential for nurses to provide holistic care. Educating patients on the importance of maintaining a regular sleep schedule, avoiding stimulants close to bedtime, and practicing good sleep hygiene can help manage and prevent insomnia, improving overall patient outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
Which medication is a nonamphetamine wake-promotion drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the mechanisms of action of different medications is crucial for safe and effective nursing practice. In this case, the correct answer is A) Modafinil (Provigil), which is a nonamphetamine wake-promoting drug commonly used to treat narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and shift work sleep disorder. Modafinil works by affecting certain neurotransmitters in the brain to promote wakefulness without the stimulating effects seen in traditional amphetamines like methylphenidate (option D). Methylphenidate is commonly used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy but is a stimulant drug, unlike modafinil. Options B and C, Protriptyline (Vivactil) and Desipramine (Norpramin), are tricyclic antidepressants that are not wake-promoting drugs. While they may have some activating effects, they are not specifically indicated for promoting wakefulness like modafinil. Educationally, understanding the differences between these medications is important for nurses to ensure they administer the correct drug for the intended purpose and understand the potential side effects and interactions associated with each medication. By knowing the specific actions of each drug, nurses can provide safe and effective care to patients requiring wake-promotion therapy.