ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Book Questions
Question 1 of 5
When taking Digoxin, low levels of what can cause
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When taking digoxin, low levels of potassium can cause an increased risk of digoxin toxicity. This is because digoxin and potassium compete for binding sites on the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells. Low potassium levels can lead to enhanced binding of digoxin to these pumps, resulting in increased concentrations of digoxin within the cells and potential toxicity. Therefore, it is important to monitor potassium levels regularly while taking digoxin to prevent complications.
Question 2 of 5
Lithium is used to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lithium is primarily used to stabilize mood and prevent manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. It is a mood-stabilizing medication that helps to lessen the severity and frequency of manic episodes. Lithium is not used to lower blood glucose, slow the heart rate, or heal ulcers. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and have regular monitoring of lithium levels in the blood to ensure its effectiveness and prevent toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A 30-year-old male patient who is treated with haloperidol for his diagnosis of schizophrenia is considered to be well-managed symptomatically for his psychotic symptoms. However, he is reporting restlessness, the inability to sit still at the dinner table, and his family notices that he is pacing up and down the hallway frequently. Of the following, which is the best medication to treat this antipsychotic-induced akathisia?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Haloperidol's D2 blockade causes akathisia—restlessness and pacing—as an EPS. Propranolol, a beta-blocker, reduces akathisia by modulating catecholamine activity, a first-line treatment per guidelines, unlike anticholinergics (benztropine) which target dystonia/parkinsonism. Dantrolene treats muscle spasticity, not akathisia. Amoxapine, an antidepressant, worsens psychosis. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, risks psychosis exacerbation. Propranolol's efficacy, safety, and specificity for akathisia make it the best choice, replacing D as instructed.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are complications of Warfarin? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the body's ability to clot blood. While it is an effective medication for preventing blood clots and strokes, one of its major complications is the increased risk of bleeding. This can manifest as easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or more serious internal bleeding in organs such as the stomach or brain. Cramps, fever, and nausea are not common complications of Warfarin use.
Question 5 of 5
The plasma clearance of a drug:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Plasma clearance reflects the volume of plasma cleared of the drug per unit time, combining renal and hepatic elimination pathways.