When taking a dietary history from a newly admitted client, the nurse should remember that which of the following foods is a common allergen?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Strawberries are a common allergen and can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Allergies to strawberries are relatively common and can present as mild reactions like itching and hives, or more severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing and anaphylaxis. It is important for healthcare professionals, such as nurses, to be aware of common allergens when taking a dietary history from clients to ensure their safety and well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that primarily attacks various tissues and organs in the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. In particular, SLE can affect the peripheral nervous system, leading to symptoms such as neuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, and other neurological manifestations. Therefore, among the given options, the nerve is the tissue primarily targeted by SLE.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Lymph returns to the blood circulation through the subclavian veins. The lymphatic system collects excess fluid, proteins, and waste products from the tissues and returns them to the bloodstream. The lymphatic vessels eventually converge into larger lymphatic ducts, and these ducts empty the lymph into the subclavian veins near the heart. From there, the lymph mixes with the blood, allowing it to circulate throughout the body and maintain fluid balance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For a patient with a history of hemophilia A complaining of a "funny feeling" in the elbow, suspecting bleeding into the joint, the correct response by the nurse is to notify the physician immediately and expect an order for factor VIII. Hemophilia A is a genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII, leading to prolonged bleeding. In this case, immediate medical intervention in the form of factor VIII replacement therapy is crucial to control and manage the bleeding episode. Urgent treatment aims to prevent complications such as joint damage and to promote hemostasis in patients with hemophilia. Palpating the elbow, preparing for an x-ray, or applying heat are not the appropriate initial actions when managing a suspected bleeding episode in a patient with hemophilia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A client who is HIV positive should have the mouth examined for oral thrush, which presents as creamy white patches on the tongue or lining of the mouth. Oral thrush, caused by the fungus Candida albicans, is a common oral problem associated with AIDS. It is important to detect and treat oral thrush promptly in HIV-positive individuals as it can cause discomfort, difficulty swallowing, and further complications if left untreated. Regular oral examinations and proper oral hygiene practices are essential for managing oral health in individuals living with HIV/AIDS.