When surgery is on-going, who coordinates the activities outside, including the family?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of a surgery, the correct answer is B) Nurse Supervisor. The Nurse Supervisor is responsible for coordinating activities outside the operating room, including communicating with the family. This role ensures that the family is updated on the progress of the surgery and provides support and information as needed. Option A) Orderly/clerk is not the correct answer as their role is mainly focused on logistical and administrative tasks within the healthcare facility, not specifically coordinating activities outside the operating room. Option C) Circulating Nurse is directly involved in the surgery, responsible for managing the sterile field and passing instruments. Their primary focus is within the operating room, not coordinating activities outside with the family. Option D) Anesthesiologist is a crucial member of the surgical team responsible for administering anesthesia and monitoring the patient's vital signs during surgery. Their role is within the operating room and does not involve coordinating activities with the family outside. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of different healthcare professionals during a surgical procedure is essential for effective coordination and communication within a healthcare team, ensuring optimal patient care and support for their families.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of a hemorrhoidectomy, the correct postoperative position for the client is the Genopectoral position (Option D). This position involves the client lying prone with hips flexed and knees off the table, which helps to relieve pressure on the surgical site and reduce discomfort. Placing the client in the Genopectoral position also helps promote healing and prevent complications such as excessive swelling or bleeding. The other options are incorrect for postoperative care after a hemorrhoidectomy: A) Knee chest position: This position is not typically used postoperatively for a hemorrhoidectomy as it may increase pressure on the surgical site and cause discomfort. B) Side lying position: While side lying position may be comfortable in general, it may not be optimal for postoperative care after a hemorrhoidectomy as it may not provide adequate support or relief to the surgical area. C) Sims position: Similar to the side lying position, the Sims position may not provide the necessary support and relief needed postoperatively for a hemorrhoidectomy. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind positioning postoperatively is crucial for nursing students. It is essential to know how different positions can impact a client's comfort, healing process, and prevention of complications after specific surgical procedures like a hemorrhoidectomy. This knowledge ensures optimal patient care and promotes better outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) Mild soap and water for cleaning the stoma. Stomas are delicate and sensitive areas that require gentle care to prevent irritation or damage. Mild soap and water provide a gentle yet effective cleaning solution to remove debris and maintain stoma hygiene without causing irritation. Using harsh chemicals or antiseptics like hydrogen peroxide, providone iodine, or alcohol can be too abrasive and may cause skin irritation, dryness, or damage to the stoma site. Educationally, it is vital for nurses to understand the importance of proper stoma care to prevent complications and promote patient comfort. Teaching correct stoma cleaning techniques, including using mild soap and water, ensures optimal patient outcomes and reduces the risk of skin breakdown or infection. Nurses must be knowledgeable about appropriate stoma care practices to provide safe and effective care to patients with ostomies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct answer because sitting on the edge of the bed with feet supported and arms and head on a padded overhead table is not a suitable position for thoracentesis. This position does not provide proper support for Mrs. Pichay during the procedure and may lead to discomfort or complications. Option A is incorrect as straddling a chair with arms and head resting on the back of the chair can provide adequate support and positioning during thoracentesis. Option B, lying on the unaffected side with the bed elevated 30-40 degrees, is also a suitable position as it allows for proper access to the thoracic cavity. Option C, lying prone with the head of the bed lowered 15-30 degrees, is not ideal for thoracentesis as it may hinder proper access to the thoracic area. It is important in pharmacology to understand patient positioning during procedures to ensure safety, comfort, and effectiveness. Proper positioning can impact the success of the procedure and patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Encourage client to include raw cucumbers, carrot, cabbage, and tomatoes. In acute renal failure, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste products, leading to a buildup of potassium, sodium, and protein in the body. Raw vegetables like cucumbers, carrots, cabbage, and tomatoes are low in potassium, sodium, and protein, making them suitable for a renal diet. Option A is incorrect because foods high in biologic value protein like eggs, poultry, and lean meats are restricted in acute renal failure due to their high protein content. Option C is wrong as cheese, canned foods, and processed foods are typically high in sodium, potassium, and protein, which are not recommended for renal failure patients. Option D is incorrect as bananas, cantaloupe, oranges, and fresh fruits are high in potassium and should be limited in a low-potassium renal diet. Providing this rationale helps students understand the importance of dietary modifications in managing acute renal failure and the specific restrictions necessary to support kidney function.