ATI RN
NCLEX Pediatric Respiratory Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When should the first chest physiotherapy (CPT) be performed for a 4-month-old with cystic fibrosis (CF)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pediatric respiratory nursing, the correct answer, option A, is when the first chest physiotherapy (CPT) should be performed for a 4-month-old with cystic fibrosis (CF). Performing CPT before feeding the child breakfast helps in clearing the airways of mucus and promoting effective breathing. This timing ensures that the child's airways are clear before any potential risk of aspiration during feeding, which is crucial for infants with CF who are prone to respiratory complications. Option B, after deep suctioning each morning, is incorrect because CPT should be done before feeding to prevent complications during feeding. Option C, thirty minutes after feeding, is incorrect as it does not address the immediate need to clear the airways for optimal respiratory function. Option D, performing CPT only when the child has congestion or coughing, is incorrect as CPT is a proactive treatment to prevent respiratory issues in CF patients rather than a reactive measure. Educationally, understanding the timing and importance of CPT in pediatric patients with CF is crucial for nursing professionals to provide optimal care. By performing CPT before feeding, nurses can help prevent respiratory complications, improve airway clearance, and promote better respiratory health outcomes for these vulnerable patients.
Question 2 of 5
What is the most important piece of information the nurse must ask the parent of a child in status asthmaticus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a situation where a child is experiencing status asthmaticus, the most critical piece of information the nurse must ask the parent is when was the child's last dose of medication (Option D). This is because the timing of the last dose of medication can significantly impact the current status of the child's asthma and guide the next steps in their care. Option A, asking about the time the child ate last, while important for some conditions, is not as crucial as knowing about the medication in an acute asthma exacerbation. Option B, inquiring about asthma triggers, though relevant for long-term management, is not as urgent as the timing of medication during an acute episode. Option C, asking about the last admission for asthma, is retrospective and does not provide real-time information needed for immediate intervention. In an educational context, understanding the significance of timing in medication administration and its impact on acute asthma exacerbations is crucial for pediatric respiratory nursing. Nurses must prioritize assessing and acting on information that directly influences the current state of a child's respiratory health to provide timely and appropriate care.
Question 3 of 5
Which child with asthma should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C, the 9-year-old who is quiet, pale, and wheezing bilaterally with an oxygen saturation of 92%. This child should be seen first because they are showing signs of respiratory distress, such as pallor, quietness, and decreased oxygen saturation. These are concerning signs indicating a worsening condition requiring immediate attention. Option A, the 12-month-old with diminished breath sounds and oxygen saturation of 93%, also presents with worrisome symptoms, but the presence of pallor in option C indicates a more severe situation. Option B, the 5-year-old, despite speaking in complete sentences and being pink in color, is wheezing bilaterally and has a low oxygen saturation level, needing prompt assessment as well. Option D, the 16-year-old, is managing to speak and maintain relatively higher oxygen saturation compared to the others, making them a lower priority for immediate intervention. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing signs of respiratory distress in pediatric patients with asthma. It emphasizes the need for nurses to prioritize care based on the severity of symptoms and vital signs, ensuring timely interventions to prevent further deterioration in children with respiratory conditions like asthma.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention is most appropriate to teach the mother of a child diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection (URI) and a dry, hacking cough that prevents sleep?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate intervention to teach the mother of a child with an upper respiratory infection (URI) and a dry, hacking cough that prevents sleep is option D: Give 1/2 teaspoon of honey four to five times per day. Rationale: Honey has been shown to be an effective and safe remedy for cough in children over the age of 1 year. It has natural soothing and antimicrobial properties that can help alleviate cough symptoms, especially at night, allowing the child and parent to get much-needed rest. Why others are wrong: A) Giving cough suppressants at night can be dangerous for young children and may lead to respiratory suppression, especially in cases of URI. B) Expectorants may not be suitable for a dry, hacking cough as they work by increasing mucus production to help clear the airways, which is not the issue in this scenario. C) Cold and flu medications often contain multiple ingredients, some of which may not be appropriate for young children and may not specifically target cough symptoms in this case. Educational context: It is crucial for parents to understand the appropriate remedies for common childhood illnesses like URIs. Educating them on evidence-based practices, such as using honey for cough relief in children over 1 year old, helps empower them to provide safe and effective care for their child. Parents should always consult with healthcare providers before administering any remedies to ensure they are appropriate for their child's age and condition.
Question 5 of 5
Which position is most comfortable for a child with left-sided pneumonia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, the correct positioning of a child with left-sided pneumonia is crucial for optimal comfort and respiratory function. The most comfortable position for a child with left-sided pneumonia is the left side-lying position (Option B). The rationale behind this is that the left side-lying position promotes better ventilation and perfusion to the unaffected right lung. This positioning helps to optimize oxygenation and reduce the work of breathing for the child. It also helps to prevent the pooling of secretions in the affected left lung, aiding in drainage and clearance. The other options are incorrect for various reasons: A) Trendelenburg position is not suitable for a child with pneumonia as it can lead to increased pressure on the diaphragm, compromising respiratory function. C) Right side-lying position is not ideal for left-sided pneumonia as it can further impair ventilation to the affected lung. D) The supine position may not facilitate optimal ventilation and can lead to pooling of secretions in the dependent lung. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind positioning in pediatric respiratory conditions is essential for nursing practice. By knowing how different positions affect ventilation, perfusion, and secretion clearance, nurses can provide optimal care to pediatric patients with respiratory issues, promoting better outcomes and comfort for the child.