When should a man with a chlamydial infection expect to experience pain?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of maternal and newborn nursing, it is crucial to understand the implications of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on both maternal and fetal health. In this question, the correct answer is A) When urinating. Chlamydial infection, a common STI, can cause inflammation and irritation of the urethra in men, leading to pain or burning sensation during urination. This symptom is known as dysuria and is a hallmark sign of chlamydia in men. Option B) When ejaculating is incorrect because chlamydia typically does not cause pain during ejaculation. Option C) When the penis becomes erect is incorrect as chlamydial infection does not directly cause pain during erection. Option D) When the testicles are touched is incorrect because chlamydia primarily affects the urinary tract and not the testicles directly. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing common symptoms of chlamydial infection in men, which can aid in early detection, treatment, and prevention of complications. Understanding the specific manifestations of STIs is crucial for maternal and newborn nurses in providing comprehensive care to pregnant women and their partners, as untreated STIs can pose risks to maternal health and lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Days 9 to 25. The calendar method, also known as the rhythm method, relies on tracking a woman's menstrual cycle to determine fertile and non-fertile days. In a typical 28-day cycle, ovulation occurs around day 14. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to 5 days, and the egg is viable for about 24 hours after ovulation. Therefore, days 9 to 25 are considered fertile days where abstaining from intercourse can help prevent unintended pregnancy. Option B) Days 10 to 15 is incorrect because it only covers the most likely fertile days around ovulation, but sperm survival and variability in cycle lengths make this window too narrow for effective contraception. Option C) Days 11 to 20 and D) Days 12 to 17 are also too narrow and do not account for individual cycle variations. Educationally, understanding the menstrual cycle and fertility awareness methods like the calendar method is crucial for women's reproductive health and family planning. By knowing when fertility is highest, individuals can make informed decisions about contraception or conception based on their own cycle patterns. It empowers women to take control of their reproductive choices and health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An ultrasound is crucial for a woman who conceived with a Copper T IUD in place to assess for the presence of an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancies are more common in women with IUDs and can be life-threatening if not detected early. The IUD increases the risk of ectopic pregnancies due to its contraceptive mechanism and potential impact on the fallopian tubes. Option B, checking the baby for serious malformations, is incorrect as the primary concern in this scenario is ruling out an ectopic pregnancy. Option C, assessing for pelvic inflammatory disease, is also incorrect as an ultrasound is not the primary diagnostic tool for PID. Option D, checking for the possibility of a twin pregnancy, is not the priority when an ectopic pregnancy is a potential complication. Educationally, understanding the importance of early detection of ectopic pregnancies in women with IUDs emphasizes the need for appropriate monitoring and intervention to ensure maternal well-being. This knowledge is essential for nurses and healthcare providers caring for pregnant women with IUDs to provide safe and effective care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct advice for a woman who forgets to take a low-dose combination birth control pill is to take it as soon as she remembers, even if that means taking two pills in one day (Option A). This is because maintaining consistent hormone levels is crucial for the effectiveness of birth control pills. By taking the missed pill immediately, she minimizes the risk of ovulation and pregnancy. Option B, skipping the pill and refraining from intercourse for the remainder of the month, is not ideal as it leaves the woman unprotected for the rest of the cycle, increasing the risk of pregnancy. Option C, wearing a pad for the next week because of expected vaginal bleeding, is incorrect. Missing one pill may cause breakthrough bleeding but does not necessarily lead to significant bleeding. Option D, taking an at-home pregnancy test at the end of the month, is premature and not necessary after missing just one pill. Pregnancy tests are more accurate if taken after a missed period. In an educational context, understanding the importance of adherence to birth control pill regimens is vital for nurses working in maternal and newborn health. It is essential to provide accurate information to women to help them make informed decisions about their reproductive health and prevent unintended pregnancies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct response, Option A, "You can walk into your local pharmacy and buy Plan B (levonorgestrel)," is appropriate for several reasons. Emergency contraception like Plan B is safe and effective for women of reproductive age, including adolescents like the 16-year-old in this scenario. It is available over-the-counter without a prescription, making it easily accessible in urgent situations. Providing accurate information empowers the individual to take control of their reproductive health responsibly. Option B, "I am sorry but because of your age I am unable to assist you," is incorrect and unethical. Age should not be a barrier to accessing essential healthcare services, especially in urgent situations like this. Denying assistance based on age goes against the principles of patient-centered care and could lead to negative consequences for the individual's health and well-being. Option C, "The emergency room doctor can prescribe high-dose birth control pills (BCP) for you," is not the most appropriate response in this case. While emergency contraception can include high-dose birth control pills, Plan B is specifically formulated for this purpose and is more readily available over-the-counter. Going to the emergency room may not be necessary unless there are other health concerns beyond the need for emergency contraception. Option D, "The nurse's response is dependent upon which state he or she is practicing in," is also incorrect. The availability of emergency contraception like Plan B is governed by federal regulations and is generally accessible without age restrictions. Nurses should be knowledgeable about reproductive health options and be able to provide accurate information and support regardless of the state they are practicing in. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers, including nurses, to be well-informed about reproductive health options, especially emergency contraception. By understanding the legality, effectiveness, and accessibility of different methods, nurses can support individuals in making informed decisions about their reproductive health. Empowering young people with accurate information and access to emergency contraception can help reduce unintended pregnancies and promote overall well-being.