ATI RN
Introduction to Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When reviewing the mechanisms of action of diuretics, the nurse knows that which statement is true about loop diuretics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and bumetanide, work by inhibiting the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle in the kidney. This mechanism of action leads to a significant diuretic effect. Loop diuretics have a rapid onset of action, typically within 30 minutes of administration, and they cause rapid diuresis. This rapid onset and potent diuretic effect make loop diuretics effective in situations requiring rapid removal of excess fluid, such as heart failure exacerbation or acute pulmonary edema.
Question 2 of 5
Indicate the spot of the median effective dose on the frequency distribution curve.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Median effective dose (ED50) is where 50% of subjects respond, typically the curve's midpoint (marked ED50), per pharmacodynamic curves. Beginning lacks response. Ascending leg is below 50%. Descending leg is post-peak. ED50's position defines it, aligning with standard graphs.
Question 3 of 5
Methylparaben is a component of Local Anesthetic solution whose function is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methylparaben is a preservative commonly found in local anesthetic solutions. Its function is not as an anesthetic, antioxidant, or antiseptic. Instead, methylparaben is added to local anesthetic solutions as a vasoconstrictor. Vasoconstrictors work by causing blood vessels to narrow, which helps to reduce bleeding and increase the duration and effectiveness of the local anesthetic by slowing down the absorption of anesthesia into the bloodstream.
Question 4 of 5
The goal of androgen therapy in men is to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Androgen therapy, typically testosterone, aims to increase libido and treat erectile dysfunction in men with hypogonadism, restoring sexual drive. Decreasing libido opposes its intent. It doesn't release FSH or increase LH-exogenous testosterone suppresses these via feedback. Boosting libido corrects deficiency symptoms, improving quality of life, a primary clinical goal.
Question 5 of 5
A pregnant client is receiving magnesium sulfate therapy for the control of preeclampsia. A nurse discovers that the client is encountering toxicity from the medication in which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate toxicity can cause respiratory depression, which is indicated by a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute or less. This is a life-threatening complication requiring immediate intervention. Deep tendon reflexes are typically absent in severe toxicity, not present. A urine output of 25 ml/hr may indicate renal impairment but is not specific to magnesium toxicity. A serum magnesium level of 7 mEq/L is elevated but does not alone confirm toxicity without clinical symptoms. Therefore, respiratory depression is the key indicator.