ATI RN
Quizlet ATI Pharmacology Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
When reviewing the health history of a patient, the nurse will note that a potential contraindication to potassium supplements exists if the patient has which problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients with renal disease may have difficulty excreting potassium properly. If a patient with renal disease takes potassium supplements, it can lead to hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can be dangerous and may result in cardiac dysrhythmias and other serious complications. Therefore, patients with renal disease should avoid potassium supplements unless directed otherwise by their healthcare provider.
Question 2 of 5
The mother of a 7-year-old child says to the nurse, 'My child is distractible in school, cannot complete assignments on time, and interrupts other children while they are speaking. What do you think?' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Distractibility, incomplete tasks, and interrupting suggest ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity, per DSM-5-warranting evaluation. Depression may show withdrawal, not this. Bipolar needs mania evidence, not here. Typical 7-year-olds vary, but this exceeds norms. ADHD fits, prompting testing.
Question 3 of 5
A 28-year-old woman is admitted with suspected urinary sepsis (temperature 40.2°C, BP 84/50, pulse 128). She had a massive haemorrhage following the birth of her only child when she was aged 24; since then she has had no periods. Her partner says that she has been progressively listless and depressed for at least two years. There is left loin tenderness and she has no pubic or axillary hair. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sepsis (fever, hypotension) with post-partum hemorrhage history, amenorrhea, fatigue, and hair loss suggest Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary necrosis) causing adrenal insufficiency. Oral amoxicillin is inadequate for septic shock. IV hydrocortisone treats acute adrenal crisis, stabilizing BP and stress response, most appropriate here alongside antibiotics. Pelvic exam doesn't address urgency. Gonadotrophins or triiodothyronine target secondary issues, not immediate crisis. Hydrocortisone's rapid action is life-saving, addressing cortisol deficiency in this emergency.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizures. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin risks gingival hyperplasia, making oral hygiene vital'brushing and flossing prevent this, showing teaching success. Alcohol increases seizure risk and drug levels. Milk reduces absorption via calcium binding. Stopping after a month risks recurrence, as seizures require long-term control. Regular dental care mitigates a common, chronic side effect, aligning with phenytoin's long-term use and metabolism (CYP450 saturation). This statement reflects understanding of self-care, critical for adherence and complication prevention, making B the indicator of effective education.
Question 5 of 5
What Medication is used as a Bronchodialtor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a medication commonly used as a bronchodilator. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs. This medication is commonly used to treat conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory issues where bronchodilation is needed to ease breathing difficulties. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, Lovastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels, and Valproate is an anticonvulsant used to treat seizures.