When reviewing a new patient’s birth plan, the nurse notices that the patient will be bringing a doula to the hospital during labor. What does the nurse think that this means?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A doula is a trained labor support person who provides physical, emotional, and informational support to the mother before, during, and after childbirth. They are not typically a family member like a grandmother (option A) and do not involve playing a special video (option C) or bringing a bag of equipment (option D). The presence of a doula can help improve birth outcomes, provide continuous support, and enhance the birthing experience for the mother.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Perimenopause is the transitional period leading to menopause that usually begins in a woman's 40s but can start earlier. During this phase, women may experience symptoms such as mood swings, irregular menstrual cycles, forgetfulness, food cravings, and a decrease in libido, as described by the patient in this case. These symptoms are caused by hormonal fluctuations as the ovaries start to produce less estrogen in preparation for menopause. Menopause occurs when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 consecutive months. Postmenopause, on the other hand, refers to the stage after menopause, where menopausal symptoms have generally subsided. The symptoms described by the patient are more indicative of the perimenopausal stage rather than pregnancy, as they are typical signs of hormonal changes associated with the menopausal transition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Core needle biopsy is typically performed in an outpatient setting such as a clinic or outpatient surgery center. This procedure involves using a hollow needle to extract a small tissue sample from the suspicious area for further examination. Performing the core needle biopsy in an outpatient setting allows for a more convenient and efficient process for both patients and healthcare providers. Additionally, outpatient facilities are equipped to handle minor procedures like core needle biopsies in a safe and controlled environment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: One of the advantages of a labor, birth, recovery, and postpartum (LDRP) room is that the family is in a familiar environment. LDRP rooms are designed to provide a comfortable setting where the mother, baby, and family can stay together throughout the entire childbirth process. This environment allows for better continuity of care, enhances bonding between the baby and the family, and helps reduce stress and anxiety often associated with being in an unfamiliar hospital setting. Being in a familiar environment can also promote a sense of security and control for the mother, which can positively impact her overall birthing experience.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Aromatase inhibitors, such as anastrozole (Arimidex), are commonly used in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treatment. They work by blocking the enzyme aromatase, which helps in the production of estrogen in postmenopausal women. By reducing estrogen levels, aromatase inhibitors help in slowing down or stopping the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Therefore, when teaching a patient about aromatase inhibitors, the nurse would include information about anastrozole as it is a pertinent medication in the management of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Fulvestrant, tamoxifen, and pembrolizumab are not aromatase inhibitors; they work through different mechanisms in breast cancer treatment.